Market demand analysis
With the continuous improvement of living standards and the increasing proportion of urban aging, people pay more and more attention to personal health and medical care. In addition, with the continuous advancement of national medical reform in recent years, the familyization of medical testing equipment has gradually become a trend.
However, the medical testing equipment currently on the market is expensive, not acceptable to the economic conditions of ordinary people. Moreover, they are bulky and not portable, which is not conducive to popularization and family promotion. This design takes full advantage of Cypress's CapSense touch sensor technology and its embedded high-performance MCU features as well as high-precision AD and rich on-chip digital-analog mixed-programmable peripherals, so that only a small number of peripheral devices can be used to achieve Real-time measurement and storage of body temperature, pulse, high blood pressure and low blood pressure. Thereby, a portable electronic doctor design scheme integrating practical and multifunctional functions is realized.
From the above analysis, the design has huge market demand and development space.
Overall design
The overall architectural diagram of this design is as follows:
Figure 1, the overall architecture diagram
The CY8CKIT-003 PSoC 3 FirstTouch Starter Kit development board as the main control board provides a wealth of on-chip peripheral resources and on-board digital-analog mixed-signal acquisition and transmission and communication modules, which can realize the following functions with a small number of peripheral devices:
Pulse measurement function
2. Blood pressure measurement function
3. Body temperature measurement function
4. Watch function
5. Data transmission and data collection functions
The data is transmitted to the PC through the USB interface or wireless transmission mode, and then compared with the previously designed related database to obtain the corresponding doctor's prescription or suggestion.
The results of the above four functions can be displayed intuitively by the LCD display under the control of the function buttons, realizing real-time data acquisition and display. It is expected that the final product of the whole system is easy to operate, powerful and practical, and friendly in human-machine interface.
Key module design
Pulse measurement
According to the division of the function module, the block diagram of the system hardware structure is shown in Figure 2, including the following parts: 1 sensor: converts the pulse beat signal into an electric pulse signal corresponding thereto. 2 Amplification and shaping circuit: amplify the weak signal of the sensor and shape and remove the spurious signal. 3 frequency multiplier: Increases the frequency of the pulse signal obtained after shaping. If the signal frequency obtained by the sensor within 30 s is doubled, the corresponding 1-minute pulse number can be obtained, thereby shortening the measurement time. 4 reference time generation circuit: generates a short time control signal to control the measurement time. 5 control circuit: to ensure that under the control of the reference time, the pulse after 2 times frequency is sent to the counting decoding display circuit. 6 count decoding display circuit: used to read the pulse rate and display it on the LCD in decimal form.
In the above measurement process, since the pulse is doubled, the timing time is also shortened by 2 times (30 s), while the digital display is the number of pulse beats of 1 point. The error measured by this scheme is ±2 times/min, and the shorter the measurement time, the larger the error.
Figure 2. Block diagram of pulse measurement hardware
Blood pressure measurement
The block diagram of the blood pressure measurement module is as follows
Figure 3. Block diagram of the blood pressure measurement module implementation
The process of measuring blood pressure at one time is as follows: press the activation button ADC output to control the air pump to inflate to a height of 200 mmHg, and slowly deflate at a rate of about 5 mmHg per second. The output signal of the pressure sensor is sent to the single-chip ADC to monitor the DC component, and the other is sent to the 0.8 Hz second-order high-pass filter to filter the DC component. The AC component is amplified by 200 times and input to the 38 Hz second-order low. The pass filter removes the high frequency noise and power frequency interference of the power supply and the skin and the cuff friction and maintains the signal at 0 to 5 V. The filtered AC component is sent to the blood pressure pulse and triggered to trigger the operation of the ADC. All the way to the microcontroller ADC to calculate the amplitude, first find the maximum amplitude value Amax, look forward to the amplitude of 0.5Amax transient position corresponding to the blood pressure DC component is the systolic pressure, and then find the amplitude of 0.8Amax transient The position corresponds to the DC component of blood pressure, which is the diastolic pressure, and the calculated systolic pressure and diastolic pressure result are output to the liquid crystal driver display. The blood pressure signal and the systolic and diastolic pressure positions are shown in Figure 4.
Figure 4. Blood pressure DC signal and systolic and diastolic pressure positions
Coupletech Co., Ltd manufactures, develops some kinds of Pockels Cell Q-switch driver and Pockels Cell Driver board, mini High Voltage Module for matching our pockels cell, Q-swithes. The voltage is up to 10KV, the repetition rate is up to 200kHz and the rising time/falling time is <10ns. The application is from Q-switching to more advanced pulse picking, pulse slicing and regenerative amplifier control.
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