Speaking of the lights, I believe that all the friends of the owners must be deeply touched. If there are no lights, what kind of scene will we drive at night? After hundreds of years of changes, it has evolved from the original kerosene lamp and incandescent lamp to the current laser headlights. It can be said that it has become a glorious development history. Think about the rhythm of the fancy counterattack from the beginning of the weak wind to the current anti-day face value, no radiation corners! At this moment, I suddenly remembered that a female singer’s "all are tao foam (lu)", you are really enough! So, then Xiaobian will talk to you about how it is super-god!
As we all know, the most used light source in daily life is the incandescent lamp. The principle of incandescent lamp is the light emitted by the tungsten wire heating and heating to the incandescent state. Although the brightness of incandescent lamps is sufficient, it does not hide its fatal disadvantage, that is, its short life; once the tungsten wire is blown, the incandescent bulb will die.
Imagine that if incandescent lamps are used as lighting sources for automobiles, they often need to be replaced, which is not only troublesome, but also jeopardizes driving safety. In view of the short life of incandescent bulbs, people inject halogen gas into the bulb. The tungsten atoms evaporated from the filament at high temperature react with the iodine atom to form a tungsten iodide compound. When the tungsten iodide compound contacts the white-heated filament ( When the temperature exceeds 1450 degrees Celsius, it will be decomposed and reduced to tungsten and iodine. The tungsten will return to the filament again, and the iodine will re-enter the gas. This will cycle, the filament will hardly burn, and the bulb will not be black. It is longer and brighter than traditional incandescent lamps, so it is also a headlamp commonly used in automobiles today.
Through this regeneration cycle, the service life of the filament is not only greatly extended (almost four times that of incandescent lamps), but also because the filament can work at higher temperatures, resulting in higher brightness, color temperature and higher Luminous efficiency.
The advantages of the halogen lamp are: simple, low cost; easy to adjust brightness and good color rendering.
The disadvantages of halogen lamps are: short service life; low luminous efficiency.
2.0 era: Xenon headlightsDue to the lack of lighting of the halogen headlights, the savvy humans invented the xenon headlights. A xenon lamp is a lamp that is internally filled with an inert gas mixture including helium gas, which causes a helium gas to form an arc between two electrodes and emit light by high-voltage breakdown of helium.
Compared to halogen headlights, the advantages of xenon headlights are quite obvious. Since xenon headlights do not require tungsten wire as the light source, after the practice certification, the life of xenon headlights is about 10 times longer than that of halogen bulbs, and the brightness is also three times that of halogen headlights. However, one must pay special attention to it. Xenon headlights must be used in conjunction with the lens (the lens is not only beautiful, but also has the effect of collecting light). If the lens is not used, the scattered light emitted by the xenon headlights will not be good. The lighting effect will also flash to the sight of the car, which is definitely a bad thing for others.
Although the brightness of the xenon lamp is sufficient, the impact of the weather problem on it cannot be solved. Since the light emitted by the xenon lamp is generally white or even bluish, and the penetration force is not obvious in rainy weather, the illumination effect of the xenon lamp is not even as good as that of ordinary halogen headlights when it rains.
The advantages of xenon lamps are: high brightness; long service life; no excessive glare.
The shortcomings of the xenon lamp are: the original match is the best, if the later modification is not suitable, there may be various side effects. There are many examples.
3.0 era: LED headlightsLED headlights, in fact, are not so mysterious, the light source is the light-emitting diode we are familiar with. Since the luminous efficiency of the LED is very high, the brightness is large, and the cohesion of the beam is not strong, but it is stronger than the halogen, and the illumination distance of the LED headlight is still remarkable.
LED headlight technology is also a technology that has emerged in recent years. Although its price is not cheap, it is still more grounded than laser headlights, and its probability of appearing in medium and high-end models is relatively higher. In addition to being beautiful, long life is also a big advantage of LED. The life of LED is about 100,000 hours, while the traditional xenon lamp is only about 3,000 hours.
You think that LED has only this advantage, then you are very wrong. In addition to long life, LED plasticity is also very good, with the popular smart technology, LED lights can easily achieve "smart headlights" technology, follow-up steering, adaptive headlights, matrix headlights and so on.
The advantages of LED lights: long life, generally do not need to replace the lamps during the use period, high efficiency and low energy; high light quality, no radiation on the base; the lamp set can be plastic and diversified.
Disadvantages of LED lights: high cost; poor heat dissipation, easy to cause illumination attenuation; no industry standard, quality is uneven.
4.0 era: laser headlightsLaser headlights are not difficult to understand. To put it bluntly, the illumination source is turned into a laser. This is also the product of the development of the technology, the headlights after the experience of halogen, helium, and LED. The technology of the first-line brand is often almost synchronous. In fact, it is not only Audi, but BMW also announced that it is developing laser headlight technology a few years ago.
Laser headlights have three major advantages, high brightness, long illumination distance and flexible guidance. In addition, laser lamps have other advantages, such as the ability to control the direction of the laser beam through a lens, to achieve flexible lighting, can be directed to the front, the distance can reach twice the LED high beam.
Someone here will ask, since it is a laser, will it cause harm to humans? The answer is of course no, this is because the blue laser it emits has been transformed into a clean and harmless white before it hits the road. The human eye will only feel soft and non-irritating lights. Moreover, the characteristics of the laser can achieve complete control of the driver's headlights, and the headlights can illuminate any obstacles in front of the vehicle. This greatly improves the safety of driving at night, and it is also a great benefit for owners who drive at night.
Although the advantages of laser headlights are obvious, the current high-light headlights of matrix laser headlights cannot be turned off, and the laws of some countries explicitly prohibit the use of far-off lights that cannot be turned off. Therefore, it is not yet accessible to relevant countries such as China and the United States. Here we also hope that the terms of use of laser headlights in relevant countries can be more refined and refined.
Advantages of laser lights: long life, smaller size, faster response, easier shape, low brightness attenuation and low energy consumption.
Disadvantages of laser lights: The high manufacturing cost is temporarily out of the ordinary model.
The times are advancing, science and technology are developing, and new technologies appearing in various types have long been commonplace. However, a detailed analysis of the current headlight market is still the world of halogen headlights, the xenon lamp has not been popularized, the LED is only guarding the inherent position, the laser headlights of the technical explosion table are even more difficult to talk about. However, in the face of the various lights of the fancy counter-attack technology, we certainly have reason to believe that it will bring us more surprises in the next vent.
Advantages and disadvantages of LED lighting applications in the automotive industry
First, energy saving: It is directly converted from light energy to light energy by light-emitting diodes. Compared with ordinary car bulbs, it consumes only 1/10 of the power of traditional lamps, which can save fuel consumption and protect automobile circuits from excessive load current. Bad.
Second, environmental protection: no ultraviolet and infrared rays in the spectrum, no heat, no radiation, small glare, and waste can be recycled, no pollution, no mercury, can be safely touched, is a typical green lighting light led source.
Third, long life: there is no loose part in the lamp body, there are no shortcomings such as filament light-emitting, heat deposition, light decay, etc. Under the proper current and voltage, the service life can reach 80-100,000 hours, which is longer than the traditional light source. More than 10 times longer. (with one replacement, lifelong use features)
Fourth, high brightness, high temperature resistance. (Electrical energy is directly converted into light energy, the heat is small, it can be touched by hand, and it is safe and reliable.) The low temperature of the light-emitting element does not require high-temperature performance of the surrounding materials, and the ordinary headlights can easily exceed 200 degrees in 10 minutes.
Five, small size. The meter can change the lamp mode at will, so that the car shape can be diversified. Automotive manufacturers favor LEDs, which are entirely determined by the advantages of LEDs themselves. High shape plasticity gives the design a large space (especially the structure behind the headlights, halogen and xenon lamps occupy a large space)
Sixth, good stability, led seismic performance: resin packaging, not easy to break, easy to store and transport.
7. High luminous purity, clear and vivid color, no need for lamp cover filtering, light wave error within 10 nanometers.
Eight, the reaction speed is fast, no need for hot start time, it can be illuminated within microseconds, the traditional glass bulb has a delay of 0.3 seconds, which can prevent rear-end collision and ensure driving safety.
Nine, energy saving / low power consumption, can save fuel
Ten, the color temperature is closer to daylight, visually better
First, LED lights are more expensive than ordinary lights. (At present, with the increasing popularity of LED applications, prices will be further reduced)
Second, the car headlights are difficult to popularize, the heat dissipation is not good, the heat dissipation is not easy to light, and the service life of the lamp is affected.
The biggest problem with high-power LED lamps is heat dissipation, low heat resistance, and low heat resistance. Although the LED lamp has a long life, another factor that affects the life of the LED lamp is that the voltage is unstable. Therefore, the requirements for the electronic control components of the LED lamps are relatively high, and a large cost is added. And the strobe of the headlights also affects the life of the LED lights.
Third, there is no industry standard, the product quality is uneven, the same product with different LED production prices differ by 1-2 times.
Fourth, the luminous light type of the LED lamp is not the same as that of the halogen. It is not realistic to directly replace the halogen bulb, because most of the reflective bowls of the car are designed according to the halogen bulb. If you load a car, you have to reinstall the lamp bowl or lens, which adds a large cost. The mass production of high-power LED lamps is only a matter of recent years, so there is a process in everything.
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