At the end of this February, the Oscars and World Mobile Communications Conference (MWC 2017) ran into the same day. In addition to the Oscar "Oolong" incident and the appearance of Huawei P10, the friend circle is also a concern: on MWC 2017, more than 20 companies said that 5G new radio technology (5G NR) will be in 2019 Large-scale deployment, one year earlier than expected in 2020.
These more than 20 companies cover telecom operators, chip manufacturers and handset manufacturers, including: AT&T, NTT Docomo, South Korea SK Telecom, Vodafone, Ericsson, Qualcomm, BT, Telstra, Korea Telecom, Intel, LG Uplus, KDDI , LG Electronics, Telia, Swisscom, TIM, ETIsalat Group, Huawei, Sprint, vivo, ZTE and Deutsche Telekom.
The 5G era is getting closer.
Official logo for "5G"
5G, the fifth generation mobile phone mobile communication standard, also known as the fifth generation mobile communication technology. According to the latest draft of the 5G specification:
1. Each 5G base station can provide at least 20Gbps downlink and 10Gbps uplink bandwidth transmission performance. The minimum downlink speed of individual users is at least 100Mbps, and the uplink speed is at least 50Mbps.
2. It must be ensured that the user data connection on the vehicle with a speed of 500 km/h is not interrupted, that is to say, the high-speed rail will not be “droppedâ€.
3. The maximum delay for users connected to a 5G network cannot exceed 4ms, or even maintain a 1ms URLLC ultra-low latency communication.
4. A single 5G network can carry at least 1 million devices per square kilometer.
The high bandwidth, large coverage, and stability that 5G advocates are not just to satisfy mobile communication, but to achieve the ultimate goal of all things.
Taking the automobile as an example, in the past few years of 4G popularization, the development of the Internet of Vehicles has emerged, but the existing 4G communication technology still cannot meet the needs of the automotive intelligent network. High latency and instability are fatal injuries, and 4G is only the first step to achieving high rates.
It is worth noting that at present, information entertainment, car navigation, Tesla OTA update system, etc. are just a "small test" for the Internet of Vehicles, and the experience is not satisfactory. All of this is limited by communication technology, and the Internet of Vehicles is by no means as simple as a car. At present, the so-called "Internet car" on the market is still in its infancy, and there is still a gap in the true sense of the Internet.
The realization of intelligent traffic management, intelligent dynamic information service and vehicle intelligent control is its ultimate goal. It makes people's car interaction more convenient, realizes safe travel, reduces traffic congestion is the direct performance of the car network, and unmanned driving is relying on the car network. And the final product of computer operations.
The vehicle network, namely V2X, refers to the vehicle networking communication technology including V2V (vehicle-vehicle), V2I (vehicle-infrastructure), V2P (vehicle-pedestrian), etc., to help realize the exchange of information between the vehicle and the outside world. In terms of V2X technology selection, it is mainly the two major schools of DSRC and LTE-V2X.
DSRC: Dedicated Short Range CommunicaTIons, developed based on the IEEE 802.11p standard, enables cars to communicate with each other while the car can communicate with the surrounding intelligent transportation infrastructure. DSRC is an IEEE 802.11p-based standard. It is an efficient wireless communication technology that enables real-time, accurate and reliable two-way transmission of images, voice and data in a small range, and organically connects vehicles and roads.
The exclusive radio frequency assigned to the Intelligent Transportation System (ITS) by the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) in 1999: the 75 MHz spectrum in the 5.9 GHz band. The international DSRC standards mainly include the three camps of Europe, America and Japan: the ENV series in Europe, the 900MHz in the United States and the ARIBSTD-T75 standard in Japan. The development is relatively mature, and it is also the mainstream technology of car networking in Europe and the United States.
LTE-V2X: The LTE cellular network is used as the basis of V2X. The LTE-V2X can reuse existing cellular infrastructure and spectrum, and operators do not need to deploy dedicated road side units (RSUs) and provide dedicated spectrum. LTE-V2X mainly solves the problem of “Sensor Sharing†between traffic entities. It can expand on-board detection systems (such as radar and camera) from tens of meters and line-of-sight range to hundreds of meters or more. The range is multiplied to improve the performance of the car AI, enabling assisted driving in relatively simple traffic scenarios. LTE V2X includes both centralized (LTE-V-Cell) and distributed (LTE-V-Direct) technologies. Among them, LTE-V-Cell uses a base station as a distribution center, and LTE-V-Direct is a direct communication between vehicles and vehicles.
Simply put, the former is based on Wi-Fi technology and the latter is based on LTE technology.
As far as the latter is concerned, points 3 and 4 of the above draft specification are particularly noteworthy. The interaction between V2X car networks based on LTE-V technology requires extremely low latency, and the maximum 4 ms delay of 5G is 50 compared to 4G. -80ms is completely acceptable.
Carrying one million units per square kilometer is not a waste of time. By then, cars, traffic traffic lights, and billboards will all be interconnected by 5G.
Although the debate on the two technologies has been long-standing, the rapid development of 5G technology is undoubtedly a “cardiotonic agentâ€. LTE-V2X greatly reduces integration for operators and depots because it “does not need to build dedicated roadside equipment and dedicated spectrumâ€. The cost advantage may help Huawei and Qualcomm's two cellular technology suppliers to quickly seize business opportunities in the Internet of Vehicles market.
As far as the current situation is concerned, in the future, the Internet of Vehicles based on LTE-V2X technology will be the trend of the times. Automobile manufacturers and suppliers seem to be more willing to take the “5G†class.
The latest news said that LG and Qualcomm are cooperating to develop 5G and Internet cars. The test, called Cellular-V2X, will begin in 2018, with tests ranging from car to car, car to pedestrian and car to infrastructure, and Cellular-V2X testing using cellular modems to bring vehicles into the interworking network.
Ficosa, a global supplier of high-tech, security, intelligent networking and energy efficiency systems for the automotive and mobile industries, joins the 5G Automotive Association (5GAA), the association Founded on September 27th, 2016, it is composed of the global communications industry and the automotive industry, including: Audi, BMW, Vodafone, China, Ford, Samsung, Huawei, Valeo, Nokia, Deutsche Telekom ( Telekom, Ericsson, Qualcomm, Denso, Intel, LG and other well-known companies in the industry.
Ericsson, Orange and Peugeot Citroen Group recently signed a cooperation agreement to jointly launch the 5G vehicle networking pilot project - "Towards 5G". The project aims to leverage the 4G to 5G technology evolution to meet the needs of Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS), improve road safety, and provide new automotive and automotive services.
At CES, Intel also released the Intel 5G modem, the world's first global 5G modem that supports both the 6 GHz and millimeter wave bands. The modem includes a compact, low-power chip kit that delivers gigabit speed and ultra-low latency, enabling driverless cars to make decisions in an instant. This is also the first unmanned 5G platform that has been officially unveiled at MWC 2017.
*XMM7560 modem
A person driving a car will consume 0.75 GB of data traffic per second. Such a huge amount of data requires ultra-high-rate, ultra-low-latency transmission. 5G can be used to show its talents. Of course, all of this depends on the computer's powerful computing performance.
From the Internet of Vehicles to driverless driving, 5G communication technology plays a vital role. The era of Internet of Everything seems to be far away, but now it is just a matter of time.
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