January 12 news, according to PCWORLD report, after Microsoft announced that its new version of the Windows operating system will run on the ARM architecture, the chip design company ARM became the focus of last week's CES show. ARM processors have entered most of the world's smartphones and tablets. After getting Windows support, they can now focus on the broader PC market.
NVIDIA also announced that it is developing the first ARM-based PC and server chip code-named Denver. Despite this, ARM still focuses on smart phones and tablets. Warren East, the company’s chief executive, discussed the development of the Windows, PC market and future architecture when interviewed by IDG News Service.
IDG News: What caused Microsoft to turn to ARM?
Ester: Microsoft hopes to have more space, not just the PC. They saw that ARM became the master of more devices. They must change the operating environment of the operating system. They finally came to this conclusion. This is very good. Microsoft made a bold move.
IDG News: With Windows, ARM is now targeting the PC market?
Ester: We have never set about targeting the PC. That's the domain of Intel and non-ARM versions of the Microsoft operating system. This will be extremely expensive and not much to gain. If you look at it financially, when someone buys a computer. . . We make royalties. The only thing that is overlooked is the CPU. . . The approximate price is 40 to 50 US dollars. Although this is very valuable, because PC sales in 300 million units. But how much can ARM share? Not very financially meaningful.
IDG News: When did Windows start running on ARM devices?
Ester: You have to ask [Microsoft] because this is their problem.
IDG News: How complex is Windows turning to ARM?
Ester: I have always been sympathetic to Microsoft. This is a very tricky issue and it is very costly. Since the relationship between the Windows operating system and the PC has a 25-year history, this is not a problem that can be solved by simply changing the kernel. All application software and device drivers have to be changed. This is a huge task. From the perspective of Microsoft, you will understand why they did not do that before.
IDG News: Windows PCs and devices have multiple functions, such as 64-bit, hardware-based multi-threading, which ARM does not have. What kind of pressure will Windows bring to ARM's chip design?
Ester: Yes, we have a long way to go. The PC you mentioned has a 25-year inseparable relationship between hardware and software. Without hardware multi-threading or 64-bit, it is impossible to have the same functionality. This is only because Intel produces such processors, and Microsoft uses these features.
IDG News: In the future, your chip design will target 64-bit?
East: I think this is inevitable. We are a company. We have limited resources. We must consider the matching of opportunities and resources. So far, we think it is unreasonable to have 64-bit software. The latest Cortex-A15 has only 40 bits of extended memory addressing. . . We do not need to reach 64 bits.
IDG News: The chip now integrates graphics processing and central processing elements. Will ARM's chip design go in this direction?
East: Yes, yes. This is a reasonable next step. Since ARM and Mali's inner core are of the same design, we can actually [share functionality], but still remain independent processors, just to make communication more closely. This is not urgent or necessary.
IDG News: What is the progress in the server market?
Ester: We have been talking about this market for the past two years. We will do some experimental work. People have been developing servers based on smart phone chips. There will be no ARM server chip before 2014. The entire software ecosystem of the server is not suitable for ARM, yet it needs further development.
IDG News: Nvidia is talking about developing high-performance ARM cores for PCs and servers, which require more power than mobile devices. What impact will this have on future chip designs?
East: Power consumption. If you can solve the power consumption problem, you can run faster. If you can solve the problem of power consumption, you can integrate multiple functions on the same chip, and power consumption is more important than performance.
NVIDIA also announced that it is developing the first ARM-based PC and server chip code-named Denver. Despite this, ARM still focuses on smart phones and tablets. Warren East, the company’s chief executive, discussed the development of the Windows, PC market and future architecture when interviewed by IDG News Service.
IDG News: What caused Microsoft to turn to ARM?
Ester: Microsoft hopes to have more space, not just the PC. They saw that ARM became the master of more devices. They must change the operating environment of the operating system. They finally came to this conclusion. This is very good. Microsoft made a bold move.
IDG News: With Windows, ARM is now targeting the PC market?
Ester: We have never set about targeting the PC. That's the domain of Intel and non-ARM versions of the Microsoft operating system. This will be extremely expensive and not much to gain. If you look at it financially, when someone buys a computer. . . We make royalties. The only thing that is overlooked is the CPU. . . The approximate price is 40 to 50 US dollars. Although this is very valuable, because PC sales in 300 million units. But how much can ARM share? Not very financially meaningful.
IDG News: When did Windows start running on ARM devices?
Ester: You have to ask [Microsoft] because this is their problem.
IDG News: How complex is Windows turning to ARM?
Ester: I have always been sympathetic to Microsoft. This is a very tricky issue and it is very costly. Since the relationship between the Windows operating system and the PC has a 25-year history, this is not a problem that can be solved by simply changing the kernel. All application software and device drivers have to be changed. This is a huge task. From the perspective of Microsoft, you will understand why they did not do that before.
IDG News: Windows PCs and devices have multiple functions, such as 64-bit, hardware-based multi-threading, which ARM does not have. What kind of pressure will Windows bring to ARM's chip design?
Ester: Yes, we have a long way to go. The PC you mentioned has a 25-year inseparable relationship between hardware and software. Without hardware multi-threading or 64-bit, it is impossible to have the same functionality. This is only because Intel produces such processors, and Microsoft uses these features.
IDG News: In the future, your chip design will target 64-bit?
East: I think this is inevitable. We are a company. We have limited resources. We must consider the matching of opportunities and resources. So far, we think it is unreasonable to have 64-bit software. The latest Cortex-A15 has only 40 bits of extended memory addressing. . . We do not need to reach 64 bits.
IDG News: The chip now integrates graphics processing and central processing elements. Will ARM's chip design go in this direction?
East: Yes, yes. This is a reasonable next step. Since ARM and Mali's inner core are of the same design, we can actually [share functionality], but still remain independent processors, just to make communication more closely. This is not urgent or necessary.
IDG News: What is the progress in the server market?
Ester: We have been talking about this market for the past two years. We will do some experimental work. People have been developing servers based on smart phone chips. There will be no ARM server chip before 2014. The entire software ecosystem of the server is not suitable for ARM, yet it needs further development.
IDG News: Nvidia is talking about developing high-performance ARM cores for PCs and servers, which require more power than mobile devices. What impact will this have on future chip designs?
East: Power consumption. If you can solve the power consumption problem, you can run faster. If you can solve the problem of power consumption, you can integrate multiple functions on the same chip, and power consumption is more important than performance.
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