The four themes of Industry 4.0 are smart factories, smart production, smart logistics and smart services. The intelligent factory focuses on the intelligent production system and process, as well as the realization of networked distributed production facilities; intelligent production mainly involves production logistics management, human-computer interaction and application of 3D technology in industrial production processes. The program will pay special attention to attracting SMEs to participate, and strive to make SMEs users and beneficiaries of the next generation of intelligent production technology, and also become the creators and suppliers of advanced industrial production technology; intelligent logistics mainly through the Internet, Internet of Things Logistics network, integrating logistics resources, giving full play to the efficiency of existing logistics resource suppliers, while demand side can quickly obtain service matching and get logistics support; intelligent service is multi-faceted information technology, cross-platform for customer needs Diversified integration services.
China Industry 4.0 Policy Environment Analysis"Made in China 2025" is the action plan of the Chinese government to implement the first decade of the strategy of manufacturing a strong country. It was released in May 2015 and is the development agenda and top-level design of China's industry in the next 10 years.
"Made in China 2025" proposes to achieve the strategic goal of manufacturing a strong country through "three steps": the first step is to enter the ranks of manufacturing powers by 2025; the second step, by 2035, China's manufacturing industry will reach the middle level of the world's manufacturing powers. The third step, by the time of the founding of New China, the status of a major manufacturing country has been consolidated, and its comprehensive strength has entered the forefront of the world's manufacturing power. Focusing on the strategic goal of manufacturing a strong country, China Manufacturing 2025 has identified nine strategic tasks and priorities: first, to improve the national manufacturing innovation capability; second, to promote the in-depth integration of informatization and industrialization; third, to strengthen industrial infrastructure; fourth Strengthening the construction of quality brands; Fifth, comprehensively promoting green manufacturing; sixth, vigorously promoting breakthrough development in key areas, focusing on the new generation of information technology industry, high-end CNC machine tools and robots, aerospace equipment, offshore engineering equipment and high-tech ships, advanced rail transit equipment Ten key areas such as energy conservation and new energy vehicles, power equipment, agricultural machinery and equipment, new materials, biomedicine and high-performance medical equipment; seventh, deepening the adjustment of manufacturing structure; eighth, actively developing service-oriented manufacturing and production services. Nine is to improve the level of international development of manufacturing.
Made in China 2025 and German Industry 4.0, it is a programmatic document for the layout of the Industrial Internet. However, there are also differences between the two. German Industry 4.0 is aimed at a new round of scientific and technological revolution, focusing on the high-end industries and high-end sectors of manufacturing. Made in China 2025 is not a plan specifically for the new round of scientific and technological revolution, but an overall plan for the transformation and upgrading of the manufacturing industry.
In 2016, China is the most competitive manufacturing country in the world. China's current manufacturing industry is very large. It surpassed the US in 2010 and became the world's number one. According to UN statistics, among the more than 500 products, 220 products are the largest in the world in China. From the perspective of technological innovation in manufacturing, China has made rapid progress in recent years. However, China’s economic growth rate in 2015 was 6.9%, and the economic slowdown may continue further. Due to the decline in demand, industrial activities have been declining, resulting in overcapacity in the factory. China's auto industry's current capacity utilization rate has dropped from 100% in 2009 to 70%, and the proportion of manufacturing in GDP has also been declining year by year, most of which has turned to the service industry. Obviously, the task of China's manufacturing transformation and upgrading is very heavy. The main problem remains structural problems: insufficient effective demand makes the overcapacity problem prominent; effective supply cannot fully meet the needs of upgrading the consumption structure, and the supply side should be upgraded to the consumption structure. Adaptability and flexibility.
China should conform to the development trend of "Internet +" and focus on the integration of informatization and industrialization, focusing on the development of next-generation information technology, high-end CNC machine tools and robots, aerospace equipment, offshore engineering equipment and high-tech ships, advanced rail transit equipment. , energy-saving and new energy vehicles, power equipment, new materials, biomedicine and high-performance medical equipment, agricultural machinery and equipment in 10 areas. These areas require a large amount of innovative research and development funds, and require the cooperation of military enterprises, large state-owned enterprises, and university research institutions. At the same time, China's SMEs are the most promising component of China's manufacturing industry, accounting for 99% of all companies and 60% of China's GDP. The R&D and creation of Chinese SMEs far exceeds that of large enterprises. China has 65% of patents, 75% of invention patents and 80% of new products come from SMEs. The future of China's manufacturing depends not only on large enterprises, but also on the innovation and vitality of SMEs.
China Industry 4.0 Strategy
Everyone knows this new technological revolution. The most popular Internet+ is actually a new round of technological revolution. In particular, the information technology revolution has brought us a huge advancement and change, and even penetrated into all aspects of social and economic life. We know that modern new technologies are represented by cloud computing, Internet of Things, mobile internet, big data, and intelligence. They constitute a new round of Internet + technology architecture and foundation, coupled with the rapid development of 3D printing in manufacturing. Manufacturing, robots, smart factories, and other hotspots that have caused profound changes in the manufacturing industry have formed a new development trend of the country's new round of industrial transformation and a big development idea. In the new wave of technological change, countries all over the world are rushing to seize a new round of technological change and industrial change. The United States has proposed the Industrial Internet, and Germany has proposed Industry 4.0. What about Chinese people? Where is China's manufacturing going? It is also the entrepreneurial industry in China that has been explored by many scholars and experts in the past two years.
Fortunately, after more than 30 years of reform and opening up, China's industry has made great progress and has begun to move toward the advanced industries of the world's industries. Therefore, in the past two years, it should be said that with the urgent needs of the transformation and development of the manufacturing industry, with the active exploration of scholars and industry, through the joint research of hundreds of academicians of the Chinese Academy of Engineering, efforts to make recommendations to the state, so proposed the Chinese manufacturing 2025 The grand development goal. It takes about 10 years to complete China's road to industrial development from big to strong, and then spend 10 years to reach the first phalanx of the world's manufacturing powers. By 2045, it will be 100 years of the founding of the country, and another 10 years. Going to China is among the forefront of the world's manufacturing powers. This is the basics of making 2025 in China.
Today I want to share and introduce you in four aspects. Today, I will give you a brief introduction to the four aspects. The first one will come back to a deeper understanding of the background of this change, especially the industrial Internet, or the Internet + and the basic cognitive background that you have recently seen. The second aspect, under the framework of Internet +, how can industry innovate and develop? Third, look at the commanding heights of key technologies in China's manufacturing 2025 and how cutting-edge smart manufacturing is further promoted at the national level.
Second, a deep understanding of the Internet +First, we still have a deep look at the transformation of the technology industry with information technology as the core, which will bring about tremendous changes to China's manufacturing industry. In the process of manufacturing 2025 in China, the basic consensus is that the world is in the midst of a new wave of technological revolution and industrial transformation with information technology as the core, and in this process, the most representative The high-tech is robotics, digital manufacturing, 3D printing, including the fusion of information-based physical systems proposed by Industry 4.0. These typical technological developments are promoting the development of digital, network and intelligent manufacturing, and thus a series of new development models, such as cloud manufacturing, network crowdsourcing and so on.
All developments and changes are driving the development of the manufacturing industry in the forefront and high-end direction, that is, the development system of intelligent manufacturing.
With the information technology as the core of the technological industry revolution, we have seen that the penetration is not only industrial and manufacturing. In fact, this transformation has led the transformation of the industrial revolution, and has promoted that all industries are embracing the Internet and the Internet. Combine and integrate. Therefore, this revolution will be a global, comprehensive and in-depth industrial transformation, or even a social system structure.
What is the essence of this change? Everyone said that the Internet is so much, the kaleidoscope-like technology, is the Internet of Things at work? Is big data working? I think cloud computing, the Internet of Things, and big data, in essence, have undergone tremendous changes in information technology. The two most important points of this new technology are the large-scale calculation of information processing, and the broadband network of information dissemination has penetrated into all walks of life.
We know the nature of information technology, the data represents the knowledge of human beings, and the data condenses the wisdom of human beings. For thousands of years, human beings have dealt with information and knowledge, and the way to generate wisdom depends on human brain power. What is the change brought about by this information revolution? The speed of traditional human brain to process information is limited. Now we have new cloud computing. With large-scale calculations, the speed of human processing of information has been greatly improved. In the past, information was transmitted between people and everyone. Now it is spread by the Internet, and the spread of knowledge is now a network. Therefore, the large-scale processing, processing, and dissemination of knowledge and wisdom represented by data now makes human wisdom begin to enter the stage of large-scale production and industrial production. That is to say, in the past, people used brain power to process knowledge. And information, now use machines to process knowledge and information.
The first industrial revolution was the replacement of manpower by machines, various processing machinery, and various mobile vehicles instead of human physical and mental power, which enabled the release of human physical strength and entered large-scale industrialization. But the problem that has not been solved in these hundreds of years of industrial revolution is that physical machines still rely on people, including managing enterprises now or relying on people, relying on bosses, and relying on management teams. Human brainpower is limited. Now we have the best one, using computing, networking, and big data to plug a large-scale wing for human brain power. Therefore, the essence of this information revolution is that human beings began to use intelligent machines to deal with the development of human material life and cultural life in all walks of life.
Therefore, in essence, this revolution, regardless of the Internet +, is essentially a kind of knowledge and wisdom that has entered a new stage of large-scale industrial production. Knowledge and wisdom began to enter the era of intelligent machine processing using machines, data centers, networks, and Internet brains. If such an intelligent processing machine is combined with modern industrial physics machines, it will profoundly subvert the industrial development and social life of mankind. This era has just arrived.
So why do we say that the new generation of information technology revolution is a new era in which human great wisdom and big knowledge are erupted. Mobile Internet allows wisdom to flow freely in time and space, and in fact makes wisdom and knowledge ubiquitous. The Internet of Things is not only connected with things and nothing, but the connection between things and things is only a means. The key to connecting objects is the wisdom and human interaction of the data generated by the objects. The objects and objects can interact with each other.
Therefore, the Internet of Things essentially realizes the flow of intellectual channels and intelligence. If intelligence can flow in such a timeless and borderless space, traffic can bring about the development of machines, and the flow of intelligence will give The human economy and society have brought about greater development.
It is because of this that we see new products, the definition of new cars is no longer a traditional vision, but is designed with wisdom attached to a product and object. Software-defined car, Tesla, this car is the same as the traditional car shape, but its essence, the kernel is defined by the Internet-defined software information and intelligent processing functions. The software version of this car can be changed, the function can be adjusted, and it can form a close connection and perception with other cars, which is completely different from the traditional car. This is the wisdom brought about by this information technology revolution and the physical world has had a profound impact.
Industrial Internet is actually such an Internet +, the so-called Internet brings the knowledge and information processing of the entire system framework of machine and industrial embrace, promotes the all-round direction of industry, network, intelligent, and the development of smart development industry .
In this process, a very important information physical system, what is the information physical system? Because of the Internet of Things, because of the processing of new technology wisdom, we have created a new space. We call it digital space or smart space. It is the space for processing information and storing information, processing knowledge and processing wisdom in the network world. At the same time, industry is a physical and visible modern industrial facility and environment consisting of machines, equipment, facilities, factories and enterprises. The great change in this industry is that these two spaces are in harmony.
In the past, people and machines merged. Now we will use a smart space or a space represented by a machine to manage the enterprise and the factory, and manage each device, so CPS, C stands for digital space, cyberspace, and smart space. P physical space, our enterprise, the real economy, these two highly integrated form a fully intelligent manufacturing industry.
This is the same as a wise man. A wise person can't do it with a body. There must be a brain. It must rely on the high degree of integration of the human brain and the human body, and the highly integrated human body of the information network, and the industry will develop to this extent in the future. Every machine can be smart, every workshop can be smart, and every business can be smart, because the wise brain provides powerful information and wisdom support.
A smart future development of the industry as a blueprint for future industrial development, 1.0 is the machine to replace the human, 2.0 by the energy and electricity to promote the development of the industry, 3.0 using tools and means, 4.0 is to use intelligent machines and industrial Highly integrated to form the future of Industry 4.0 development. Therefore, the fourth industrial revolution is a revolution of wisdom. It is a highly integrated information revolution in the modernization of information technology. It is more profound than any industrial change in the past.
The Internet and the upcoming changes in manufacturing have a huge impact on manufacturing. We have seen traditional industries, engaged in informatization for so many years, and using information technology as an auxiliary means, and then we have achieved integration. Now we are moving towards a high degree of integration and wisdom.
The fusion of the Internet and manufacturing has actually begun, and the more open and integrated, the deeper the integration. According to the closer part of the consumer, Ma Yun was born to e-commerce, from marketing to service, to research and development, manufacturing, step by step into the manufacturing industry. The integration of the Internet and industry has produced a series of innovative development channels. The manufacturing and enterprise services integrated by the Internet are constantly infiltrating and changing with the manufacture of services, customization, crowdsourcing, industrial clouds and so on.
The new development model formed by the Internet is enough to change the modern manufacturing ecosystem. The new format is not simple. You eat me, I eat you, are synergistic, share, form an ecosystem, form a platform, and form an industry. Upstream and downstream industrial capabilities. So now Google is worth mentioning, Ali is also building a large cloud-based ecosystem chain system, ecological environment system. Therefore, the future enterprises, regardless of their size, have their own development space on the network, because they are no longer a big fish to eat small fish, but an ecological open environment that is synergistically developed. The integration of the Internet and industry is the basic feature of the fundamental changes in the manufacturing industry. From the original digitalization to the network, to the intelligent, the system concept of the integration of the two has developed from the 1970s to today. In this process, CPS is indeed more and more, especially the emergence of broadband, making a large amount of data, a large amount of processing, intelligent processing becomes possible. In the past, simple information was automated. Nowadays, big data is needed to realize the processing of knowledge, realize the processing of wisdom, and begin to enter a new era in which knowledge and entities and industry are closely integrated to produce wisdom.
In the process, we have seen the development of some very important industrial changes. First of all, the traditional manufacturing has been focused on the design and production of products in the past and the whole life cycle of the products. In the past, we only knew about producing products and selling products. Now the network can be extended to the middle of each use of the product. Where is the product, what kind of use is the product, what is the fault, and the information technology can make the product use cycle fully. The perception is thus intelligently processed. Therefore, the current enterprise not only produces, designs, but also manages the use of the product, but also manages the recycling of the product and the entire life cycle of the product. Sany Heavy Industry has connected the production of large-scale machinery, networks, remote monitoring services, based on big data mining, self-service based on mobile APP, making these devices sufficient for the entire development.
Third, a new model of innovative industrial developmentThe second is the personalization of manufacturing. In the past, the needs of users were difficult to collect, and factories could only produce on a large scale. Now, network terminals can connect each individual's needs, carry out large-scale processing and analysis, and then modularize and then distribute them to several enterprises on the Internet. Go up. So now the era of real manufacturing to meet the individual needs of users really comes, because with the network, because of the Internet platform, making each personality's manufacturing and flexible manufacturing possible, and the cost can be kept even lower. .
The personalization of manufacturing is now in the face of many smart homes and color TVs. Haier has been discussing it since three years ago. It is supported by personality creators to support Haier's personality design. Haier's personality design is then carried out to Haier's global factory for individuality. Nowadays, some interconnected factories have been built to directly drive the production of the factory with the user's individual needs, saving a series of intermediate rings.
The Internet has also made manufacturing from the beginning of centralized production to decentralization. We have seen that R&D can be decentralized, production can be decentralized, and funds can be decentralized. So the whole manufacturing is based on a new system that is omnipresent in the network. Decentralized manufacturing has brought together the social resources of the whole society through the network and cloud computing, so the concept of cloud manufacturing has followed.
Cloud computing is to aggregate a large number of scattered computing resources through the network to provide personalized services. Cloud computing is to use all the scattered personal resources and personalized machine tools to form a resource pool for all manufacturing designs, so it is a way to use the best manufacturing resources.
The cloud of manufacturing resources makes the global manufacturing resources even larger. The concept of Industry 4.0 is to connect all the manufacturing equipment in Germany to form a networked integrated national manufacturing system. As long as there is a manufacturing system in my country, the world, including China, does not need to go to production. You can use it. The Germans come to manufacture, you come to serve, you can use it. Of course, the Chinese people's philosophy also hopes to build such a manufacturing resource, so that the manufacturing resources can be used to the full extent.
Intelligent factories, intelligent manufacturing, industrial transformation is ultimately to be implemented in the specific manufacturing process, the specific link is the manufacturing workshop, the factory. In essence, it is also developing towards a smart space built by an S. The Internet allows all the equipment to be connected together, and the equipment and the entire network can form interconnections, which can form a fusion of perception.
The process industry has now begun to implement such a smart manufacturing process control body, fewer and fewer people, because every link, its production line, its equipment can be automatically perceived, can be automatically processed, intelligent judgment , the processing of the fault. Through the networked execution of the equipment, through the automatic collection of data, through the information mining analysis to form some management of the intelligent system.
Fourth, vigorously promote smart manufacturingIn the third aspect, I will introduce to you that our country is currently promoting smart manufacturing and promoting the Internet + industry. First of all, our country's manufacturing industry is facing a profound transformation and challenge. We are a big manufacturing country but not a manufacturing power. Now, after all the labor costs are increasing, the machines are replaced. I believe that Suzhou Industrial Park is also facing such a situation. At the same time, we see that the manufacturing industry in our country has both advantages and disadvantages.
In this regard, the need for manufacturing technology is very urgent. First of all, we are weak in terms of basic capabilities, and we are eager to insert high-tech wings for the manufacturing industry through the development of manufacturing technology. Our business management model is also relatively backward. We are still developing industrial and industrial organizations under the traditional industrial system thinking mode. Now Internet + brings us a lot of new models based on network production, design and management, how to manage online resources, how to manage online logistics, and so on, all of which have a profound impact on the manufacturing industry.
The level of manufacturing intelligence in our country is also relatively weak. At least many of our industrial equipment is still uneven and cannot form a huge network. The most fundamental of Germany's Industry 4.0 is a huge global industrial automation and a combination of soft and hard systems like Siemens. The development of German industry must be a combination of soft and hard, must combine the processing of knowledge and data with industrial digital equipment. It is precisely because of this development idea that today, the opportunity of the future industrial development of German Industry 4.0 is born.
We also see a series of emerging industries in our country, and we urgently need large-scale equipment and a new generation of electronic equipment to meet the needs of industrial production in our country. Green technology, there is a problem in the current manufacturing industry, manufacturing is a waste of energy, so some people do not advocate the development of manufacturing. But manufacturing is the material of people's lives, so we must develop manufacturing, how can we be efficient, green, and save raw materials. It is precisely because the product itself can be smart, the factory can be smart, and the network forms a big wisdom, which provides a huge possibility for the future manufacturing industry to transform into green, economical and low-carbon.
It is precisely because of this that China’s manufacturing 2025 is in a double squeeze. The development of China’s science and technology is urgent and urgently needs to change us. China has proposed to change from a manufacturing power to a revolution, to a revolutionary second revolution, and from three revolutions to the fourth revolution. . Of course, China's industry will involve 2.0, and it will also involve 3.0.
It is also true that the main task of China Manufacturing 2025 is to promote the comprehensive development of the manufacturing industry. We see the intelligentization of manufacturing, basic capabilities, innovative capabilities, multi-level innovation systems, green manufacturing, service manufacturing, and advantageous industries. Manufacturing 2025 has already been released in the outline, and everyone has seen a lot of content on the Internet.
The intelligent manufacturing factory is actually the breakthrough point of the front end of China Manufacturing 2025. This will be driven by high-tech technology, and it is the development system of a major science and technology industry that is the first to implement the two major projects in the country. The engineering system for intelligent manufacturing is very large, including factories, networks, workshops, and physics. There are about six aspects to the whole manufacturing, one is the brain of wisdom, and the network is collaboratively manufactured. The second is the cerebellum, the physical management of factory enterprises, smart factories, and intelligent manufacturing also develops the basis of intelligent robots, high-end manufacturing equipment, 3D printing manufacturing and intelligent manufacturing guarantee. Therefore, the entire intelligent manufacturing will lead China Manufacturing 2025 to a new, high-end, intelligent, networked modern manufacturing system.
The 13-year manufacturing industry in China has also been comprehensively developed. For this reason, we have also made some ideas for the 13th Five-Year Development Goals and put forward the key tasks for the 13th Five-Year Development. Such as manufacturing resources, smart factories, intelligent robots, 3D printing, etc., these will represent the key to the development of China's manufacturing industry towards China's manufacturing 2025.
V. ConclusionToday, I will briefly introduce you to the background of the development of China Manufacturing 2025, and the technical nature of the development of the entire industry. We have begun to enter the era of intelligent production, starting from the network of machines, intelligent The machine began to plug in a new phase of development of a smart brain for China's manufacturing industry. I hope that all of you here can seize the opportunity and promote industrial transformation and upgrading in such a kaleidoscopic development process. I also believe that Suzhou Industrial Park has very good technology and can continue to be at the forefront of this year's China Manufacturing 2025 development. Continue to go to the high end and make due contributions to the development of China's manufacturing industry.
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