Discussion on the Three-network Convergence Mode of Special Communication
1. The generation and characteristics of private network
Business needs have promoted the development of modern communication technology and communication networks. In addition to the PSTN network, some special communication networks are distributed along the main railway lines, the Yangtze River Basin, and civil airports. They play the role of communication hubs in special fields. These networks have their own characteristics: the types of services are relatively single, users have high requirements for service quality and stability, and users are scattered. The commonality is small and complete. Like the PSTN network, most private networks have evolved from a single voice service to today's integrated digital networks for data and video.
The development of private networks has always been constrained by funds. Due to the gradual marketization of the communications industry, private networks have their particularities and require reliable and stable technology to support them. Therefore, how to obtain the maximum benefit with the smallest investment Standard, economic, safe, reliable, and full use of existing network resources for the construction of private networks, to ensure the coordinated and efficient development of private networks and stable and reliable operation, is an important task for private networks now and for a long time to come.
Second, the necessity of establishing a dedicated network management network
The management network is to improve the quality of the entire network and make full use of network equipment and network management to monitor the operation of the business network in real time.It adopts control measures to achieve the maximum use of all available equipment in the network under any circumstances. Possibly many communications can be realized. At the same time, it can also prevent obstacles and eliminate obstacles as soon as possible to reduce the loss caused by the obstacles. Under the condition of ensuring communication quality, reasonable adjustment of equipment configuration can maximize equipment utilization and save maintenance costs.
1. Analysis of communication operation and maintenance costs
Due to the geographical constraints of Chongqing, the urban area is surrounded by the Yangtze River and the Jialing River. 40 districts, counties and cities are far away from the main city, and the transportation is extremely inconvenient.In addition to the infrastructure of the end office communication computer room and its supporting facilities, the use and maintenance of vehicles, The increase in engineering maintenance personnel and the large amount of work on remote equipment testing and inspection have greatly increased the maintenance cost of the private network. The increase in cost is still a major bottleneck restricting the development of the private network.
2. Guarantee of communication quality
From the perspective of ensuring the quality of communication, once the communication has an obstacle, it will cause a reduction in the time to repair the obstacle and the ability to deal with the obstacle in a timely manner will also weaken. If the network is complex and there are many nodes, the probability of obstacles may increase, which is also not conducive to maintenance, troubleshooting and troubleshooting. If the centralized management method is adopted, it can avoid the system from having a true record of the occurrence of events, which is conducive to the inspection and repair of obstacles, and it can also avoid unclear responsibilities and improve the reliability of the system.
3. Network Planning
The design of the private network system must adapt to the current application of the private network in this city, and it must also face the needs of future information development. Therefore, the designed network needs to follow the following principles.
1. Practicality and advancedness
The private network needs to use advanced and mature technology to meet business needs, taking into account other related management needs, as far as possible to adopt advanced network technology to meet the higher data, voice (VoIP), video (multimedia) transmission needs, so that the entire system Maintain technological advancement for a considerable period of time.
2. Safety and reliability
In order to ensure various business applications, the network must have high reliability and try to avoid single points of failure of the system. High-reliability design and construction are required for various aspects such as network structure, network equipment, and server equipment. Based on the reliability technologies such as hardware backup and redundancy, relevant software technologies are used to provide strong management mechanisms, control methods, and technical measures such as accident monitoring and network security and confidentiality to improve the reliability of the entire network system.
3. Flexibility and scalability
The network system is an evolving system, so it must have good flexibility and scalability, and be able to easily expand network coverage, expand network capacity, and improve all levels of the network according to the needs of the city's continuous development of private networks. The node function enables the system to support multiple communication media and multiple physical interfaces, enabling flexible applications such as technology upgrades and equipment updates.
4. Openness and interconnectivity
The network needs to have the characteristics of interconnection and interoperability with multiple protocol networks to ensure that the role of the network system infrastructure can be fully exerted, and the structure is truly open. As long as it is based on open standards, including various local area networks and wide area networks, and then adheres to the principle of unified standards, it can lay the foundation for its future development.
5. Economic and investment protection
We should build a private network system with a high performance-price ratio to maximize the output-to-investment ratio of funds. At present, we need to keep the system running at a low cost and with a small staff input, so that the network can provide high performance and achieve high benefits, as far as possible retain and extend the investment of existing systems, and give full play to the previous investment in capital and technology .
6. Manageability
Due to the complexity of the private network system itself, with the continuous development of business, the task of network management is bound to become increasingly heavy. Therefore, in network design, a comprehensive network management solution must be established. The network must use intelligent, manageable equipment, and use advanced network management software to achieve advanced distributed management.Finally, it can achieve monitoring and monitoring of the operation of the entire network, and it can reasonably allocate network resources and dynamically configure network load. , Quickly determine network failures, etc. Through advanced management strategies and management tools to improve the reliability of network operation, simplify network maintenance, and thus provide a powerful guarantee for maintenance and management.
4. Construction of private metropolitan area network
Taking into account the characteristics of the private network, coupled with the current network IP situation, and also considering the safe and reliable operation requirements of carrying video, VoIP, VPN services, etc., we can use the existing traditional SDH transport network platform to establish a metropolitan area Network to build a dedicated communication network.
1. Networking
The network needs to use IP routing and switching equipment for networking. The network should adopt a star structure. The routing of each contact uses a 2Mbit / sE1 link to uplink to the SDH network of the municipal office.The core router is configured with a CPOS interface to connect to the SDH network of the municipal office. Routers in various districts and counties.
The central point configuration of the municipal bureau: one NE20-8 router, one S6505 core switch, one E200 firewall, and one S5516 Gigabit switch. District and county contact configuration: one AR28-40 router, one S3026C switch. Core contact: A NE20-8 router is placed in the center of the municipal office to support full-line MPLSVPN. The NE20-8 router is configured with a CPOS interface to connect to the existing SDH network to each district and county router. S6505 is the core switch of the intranet intranet and NE20 -8 is connected to realize the access of the city office videoconferencing system GK, the terminal and the city office intranet, the E200 firewall is connected to the NE20-8 router, and the S5516 Gigabit switch realizes the access to the internal server group. District and county contacts: install an AR28-40 router at each contact, support MPLSVPN, uplink to SDH network through 2Mbit / sE1 and connect to core NE20-8, and AR28-40 to connect to S3026C to realize local data, video and voice Access, the network topology is shown in Figure 1. 
Figure 1 Network topology
2. Business integration capabilities
With the in-depth development of the network, the IP transport network is gradually evolving, and the core backbone network is established in urban areas, and the current popular and reliable IPoverSDH technology is used to achieve the integration of dedicated services in voice, data, and video services. It not only meets the needs of private network users for different services, but also adopts centralized management and configuration throughout the network to ensure the maintenance-free of remote equipment. Especially in the integration of the end office computer room, this kind of networking saves costs, also conforms to the development trend of the network, and accelerates the pace of informatization of the private network.
V. Selection of comprehensive service multiplexing equipment
In order to adapt to the increasing data and video communication, the network can adopt various forms of access layer equipment, such as PCM multi-function access equipment, in some scattered points or districts, counties and cities. In this way, the triple play of remote users can be easily achieved on the same device. Because the special network is characterized by a large number of user points and scattered distribution, it is very economical to use SDH transmission network and adopt equipment that can extend service. There may be only one or two users in the endpoints of the private network. It is not economical to put a remote module, and it is very inconvenient to move. The PCM multi-function access equipment can solve the choices of several to hundreds of users. When the user has no communication requirements, the device can be easily moved to another place.
It is worth noting that the integration of multiple services such as voice, data, and video is achieved through the networking of PCM integrated service multiplexing equipment. The multiplexing equipment can be extended again if required for voice, data, and video applications. Its advantages are low cost, small size, high stability, and can provide N × 64kbit / s, up to 2Mbit / s transmission rate. It is very suitable for small-capacity broadband and narrowband integrated business sites, and can also implement centralized management and remote maintenance.It does not change the original network characteristics while reducing operation and maintenance costs, because its voice, data, and video only pass The access equipment connects users to the switching network and concentrates user services to transfer them to their destinations. From the perspective of the future development direction of the network, this approach is only an access layer technology implementation.
6. Comprehensive Evaluation
The above two methods can realize the centralized management of dedicated communication, achieve the purpose of remote maintenance, and can achieve the integration of the three networks. At present, the transmission technology networking using IPoverSDH is relatively technically more complicated, and the initial cost of investment is higher; the voice quality transmitted through the IP network is not as stable as the traditional voice quality, but its bandwidth utilization rate is high; the distribution is adopted The architecture, and the use of the self-healing ring formed by the SDH transmission network, can improve the efficiency of networking, especially from the physical reliability of routing, reducing the risk of network interruption, which is the future direction of network development. The integrated service access equipment networking has low cost, few nodes, easy installation and maintenance, and is suitable for users with low bandwidth requirements. This networking mode is a chain structure, and the number of networking points cannot be too much, otherwise the bandwidth cannot be guaranteed (the local end supports a maximum of 64 E1 full-slot crossings, and the client supports a maximum of 44 E1 full-slot crossings) , It only transmits voice, data and video between different time slots of E1. It cannot completely isolate the three networks. While the quality of voice is guaranteed, the quality of data and video will be reduced. Each E1 backs up each other to ensure network security.
Which of the above methods should be used for networking depends on the specific communication structure, cost accounting, capital operation, different advantages and disadvantages, and adaptive performance. It is recommended that the initial networking first adopt simple integrated service equipment networking, focusing on solving the data and video transition problems of some voice users, and then gradually promote the construction of the core network. The device as the access layer will eventually enter the urban core network through the interface. Of course, if users have high requirements for data and video, it is also one of the desirable methods to invest in the construction of the core network at a time if funds allow.
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