[Audio Network Information] Modern automotive electronic, intelligent, multimedia and networked applications not only improve the power, economy, safety and environmental protection of the car, improve the stability and comfort of driving, and promote the car. The development of industry has also opened up a vast market for electronic products, thus promoting the development of the electronics industry. Therefore, vigorously developing automotive electronics, intelligence, multimedia and networking, and accelerating the speed of automotive electronics is an important means to start and revitalize the automotive industry. It is also a new economic growth point for Chinese auto parts companies.
1. Automotive electronics is a revolution in the development of automotive technology
In recent years, electronic technology has developed greatly and has penetrated into all aspects of human society. It can be said that revolutionary changes have taken place in people's way of life, and there will be more changes in the future. Cars are no exception. A few years ago, some traditional mechanical structures were transformed into mechatronic devices with excellent performance and high technology. There are many kinds of electronic products appearing in modern cars. The application of electronic technology (see Figure 1) is more and more extensive. Today's cars have entered the era of computer control.
The development of electronic technology and computer technology has created favorable conditions for the improvement of the performance of automobile technology, the improvement of economy and comfort, and even the reduction of automobile exhaust pollution. The degree of automotive electronics is seen as an important indicator of the level of modern cars, and is the most important technical measure to develop new models and improve vehicle performance. According to statistics, at present, the average electronic device per vehicle accounts for more than 23% of the total automobile manufacturing cost. The number of single-chip microcomputers used in some luxury cars has reached 48, and electronic products account for more than 50% of the cost of complete vehicles. At present, the application of electronic technology has almost penetrated into all systems of automobiles. It is increasingly recognized that, away from electronic technology, it is difficult for automobiles to meet increasingly stringent regulatory requirements, nor to adapt to customer convenience, comfort, efficiency, and economics.
The advancement of the automotive industry is also driven by electronic technology (especially computers and integrated circuit technology). Automotive electronics has entered its third phase of development, which is the most valuable and contributing stage to the development of the automotive industry, and will be the most important stage in optimizing the overall relationship between the human-automobile-environment. The miniaturization of ultra-miniature magnets, ultra-efficient motors and integrated circuits provides the basis for centralized control of automobiles (eg centralized control of braking, steering and suspension, and centralized control of the engine and transmission). At the same time, intelligent integrated sensors and intelligent actuators will be put into practical use, and digital signal processing methods will be applied to voice recognition, safety collision, timely diagnosis and navigation systems. Looking at the major achievements in automotive technology in recent decades, almost without exception is the result of the application of electronic technology. The use of electronic technology is the best solution to solve many of the technical problems faced by automobiles. Therefore, the level of a country's electronics industry and its application in the automotive industry determines whether it can take the initiative in the future world auto industry competition.
Future automotive electronics development, hybrid drive driven by power electronics modules will become a major trend; hydrogen fuel cell hybrid vehicles will have new developments; electronically controlled EFI composite spark ignition engines will develop at a high speed; various line control systems or line drive systems It will develop rapidly; the line control or drive system will replace the mechanical linkage mechanism to realize the electronicization based on electronic information technology, the chassis structure will undergo revolutionary changes; the intelligent vehicle transportation system (ITS) is rapidly emerging. Electronic fuel injection systems, anti-lock braking systems and airbag systems have become more widely used in car products, fuel economy has been greatly improved, and harmful gases and carbon dioxide emissions have been controlled and significantly reduced. At the same time, the degree of electronic electronics has increased year by year, making cars into the category of high-tech products, and is seen as an important indicator of the level of a country's automotive industry.
2. Informatization makes Hyundai Motor a mobile information center
The information and communication revolution has entered many areas of our society, and car and road transport are no exception. Some people say that in the past, cars were driven by gasoline, and in the future they depend on information. In other words, cars without information can't run safely and efficiently. Due to the advent of the information age, people's dependence on information is also growing. Hyundai has become a mobile information center. In the car, like in the office or at home, it can keep in touch with the outside world through telephone, fax, e-mail, digital broadcasting, TV transmission, etc., to improve people's efficiency and productivity. It is very important. Therefore, whether it is external contact or internal (inter-vehicle systems, components), the connection is inseparable from electronic technology.
Today, the Internet is becoming more and more popular, and this new type of communication technology is naturally going to enter the automotive field. As early as 1998, Clarion cooperated with Microsoft to develop the world's first in-vehicle computer system, "Clarion PC", using the Windows operating system, using car audio, computer technology, navigation technology and automatic voice. The identification technology brings the car into an information network space that combines audio, video and communication. At the same time, General Motors also implemented its "Onstar" car communication system. Through the system's display screen, passengers can complete calls, Internet communication, satellite navigation and entertainment programs. .
Modern automotive information technology includes GPS (Global Positioning Navigation System) and Internet applications. GPS technology uses the relative position between the satellite and the user to determine the user's location through data processing. It can monitor and guide the car operation, but the service items are limited. With today's Internet technology, you can expand the services of many projects. The latest technology for transplanting mobile phones with wireless Internet access, and the on-board computer with large-capacity storage and reading and writing functions can gradually realize the automotive application Internet. Through the Internet, the owner can not only directly access the website set by the manufacturer to check the information of his car. Once the car has a fault, the information can be sent to the repair center through the on-board computer. The repair center can download the information to understand the location and cause of the fault. The maintenance engineer can remotely operate the vehicle self-checking system or guide the owner of the vehicle through the Internet. With the application of Internet technology in the car, the owner can always know the instantaneous stock market, and can send and receive e-mails or faxes at any time, so that the owner is in the same way as in the office. All the current technologies mentioned here can be solved. The key issues are the speed of wireless Internet access and the hardware quality of the onboard computer. The speed of wireless Internet access will depend on third-generation wireless telephone communication technologies, such as the advancement of 3G technology, and the on-board computer depends on the hardware used in the operation of the car.
In fact, modern information technology is becoming the driving force of Bluetooth technology in the automotive industry. In recent years, the Federal Communications Commission (FCC)'s allocation of the 5.850 to 5.925 GHz band of DSRC (Narrowband Communication) has promoted the development of Wi-Fi. However, it may take time to use 802.11 hardware in the car's production process, but Bluetooth-enabled devices may soon be available in several models in the US, Japan, and Europe. According to experts, about 20% of new cars will be embedded in Bluetooth hardware before 2007, and about 12% of cars will be embedded in 802.11 hardware. Authorities in the industry believe that the move of the international auto industry shows that the world auto market has changed its strategy to include information services as an important guideline for the development of automotive technology and as an effective means of opening up the market.
3. The future car will be a mobile multimedia
Listening to music in a car helps to reduce the fatigue during driving, making the driver and the occupant feel relaxed and happy. It has become a recognized fact that audio has become one of the standards for the measurement of modern cars. Therefore, car audio technology has become a concern of car consumers and enthusiasts. The sound quality of car audio has been developed towards digital technology. Advanced car audio with DAT digital audio, DSP (digital signal processor), MP3 technology, etc., formed a digital, logical, high-power Hi-Fi stereo system. Although the audio equipment is only an auxiliary device for the car, it has no effect on the running performance of the car. However, as people's demands for enjoyment are getting higher and higher, car manufacturers are paying more and more attention to the audio equipment of cars, and use it as one of the basis for evaluating the comfort of cars. Along with the rapid development of the world's automotive electronics industry, the demand for car audio is also increasing. Car audio has evolved from the earliest AM AM radio to AM/FM (Amplitude Modulation/Frequency Modulation)/SW (Short Wave) radio, tape playback, CD playback, MD playback, DTA digital audio, DSP (digital signal processor) ), electronic crossover, TV receiving system, VCD video system and other functions, forming a digital, logical, high-fidelity, multi-function, high-power output stereo system.
The use of mobile multimedia technology can develop automotive entertainment systems, such as full-color screens, gaming devices, DVD players, video recorders, DVD players and phonographs. Mobile multimedia technology is also reflected in smart wireless products, telecommunications equipment and information processing products, including the provision of a voice recognition system that supports multiple languages, so that drivers do not have to manually operate the entertainment system, thus freeing up the hands to control the steering wheel. It also integrates the functions of the Internet into the vehicle, enabling people to view, send and receive emails, and trade stocks on the Internet. The “plug and play†approach allows car consumers to update them quickly and easily. Multimedia products, enjoy a richer new service. The equipment for digital audio-visual entertainment media has actually become universal, and the karaoke and VCD audio-visual functions on the car belong to this design. It is even possible to create a DVD theater with good sound, sound, sound and light effects. At present, some companies have introduced LCD monitors, TV tuners, car video recorders, and car VCD/DVD players into the car. This is not just about enjoying music. People are watching TV, video, and CD on the basis of listening to music. The possibility of waiting for video images. In recent years, the latest technology has been used to integrate sound, image, information and communication to form a new automotive multimedia system. In fact, it has greatly surpassed the function of car audio. This is the trend of car audio development in the near future.
With the increasing development of the Internet, satellite communications and wireless technologies, humanity will usher in an era of free exchange of text, sound and image data in the car and outside. Some car manufacturers have begun to provide car communication services, mainly to guide and help in the event of a car failure or an accident. It is estimated that commercial and entertainment services in the car will also become popular soon after two or three years. In fact, the competition for car as a “mobile multimedia house†has become increasingly fierce. Today, the mainstream of car audio has been replaced by digital signal sources represented by CD and MD, and the sales volume of tape drives has been decreasing. In the future, the development trend of car audio will be to use high-tech means to enable occupants to work and play in the car, and to give drivers a hint of route conditions, vehicle conditions and safety. At the same time, a car audio system with a comprehensive set of functions such as radio, CD, VCD, TV, navigation, communication, fax, computer, etc., will become the development direction of car audio.
4. Networking makes the car a place for office, communication and entertainment
The product that combines traditional automotive technology with modern information technology is the network car, which is characterized by a high degree of integration between the car and the network. The high application of the network in the car can not only greatly reduce the driver's operational burden, but also keep the driver in close contact with the outside world. Internet car is not only a means of transportation, but also a place for office, communication and entertainment. It integrates existing hardware and software technologies, including satellite global positioning (GPS), wireless communications, network access, speech recognition, flat display, night vision technology, artificial neural networks and other technologies. The main new features include remote diagnostics and vehicle control, mobile office functions, car website features, and road navigation. According to these functions, the system structure of the network car is actually composed of two parts, one part is the internal network system of the vehicle itself, which is controlled by the vehicle network computer. Through the data bus to connect countless subnets, control engine and other assemblies, flat display and dashboard display, central control door lock, wireless phone, etc., each subnet has different clock speeds and their respective functions. The other part is the contact network system outside the vehicle, including GPS monitoring center, Internet and regional network service providers, vehicle service centers, units or home computers.
According to the above concept of the network car, the main device of the network concept car has an electronic map navigation system. It uses a GPS receiver and a DVD-ROM machine to put a disc containing the traffic road data of the whole country or a certain urban and rural area into the box. According to the instructions of the GPS control center, the network car can know where it is on the map and driving. Direction and know the best route to your destination. There is a car front and rear photography system, which displays the position of the driving blind angle through the center console flat display. At night, the infrared lens can be used to convert the heat emitted by all the stationary and moving objects in front of the car into images, which can be used during night driving. Obstructions on the road surface are detected from a distance. Broadband network wireless connection system, using the recently launched GPRS system (transmission speed of 100kbit/s) or a faster CDMA system (transmission speed of up to 256kb; t/5), enabling wireless broadband network connectivity At that time, each owner and passenger can set up their own network address, browse the Internet or listen to voice e-mails at any time, hold telecommuting meetings, download auto repair information, and even remotely control home appliances. Today, the Internet is becoming more and more popular, and this new type of communication technology is naturally going to enter the automotive field.
Car navigation is a kind of car driving aid equipment that has emerged in recent years. When a driver inputs a destination into a car navigation system, the system automatically calculates the most suitable route according to the electronic map, and reminds the car during driving (for example, before turning) The driver follows the calculated route. Throughout the journey, the driver can quickly reach the destination without having to consider which route to take. The current car navigation system consists of two parts: the global positioning system and the vehicle automatic navigation system. Car navigation devices are generally composed of a GPS antenna, a host computer that integrates a display screen and function buttons, and a voice output device (generally using a car audio system to output voice prompt information). Limited by the installation position in the car, the general car navigation device and the car video audio are combined to play CD, VCD and DVD discs. The DVD drive is responsible for reading the electronic map DVD disc. Therefore, some car navigation systems are also called DVD navigation system.
The most important part of the car revolution is the connection between the car and the Internet. No one can predict what the final result will look like. Maybe in the back seat of the car, let the children take it as an infotainment center? Or is it in the place where the parents are sitting, while looking at the road ahead, while reading the e-mail aloud? Maybe both!
5.Intelligence makes people, cars and roads work closely together to achieve harmonious unity
With the widespread use of electronic computers, the days when cars can travel automatically without human driving have arrived. This kind of car is a smart car. Its key technology is that the computer replaces all human operations because it is accompanied by a road recognition system, a signal receiving system, an automatic braking system and an automatic transmission system. All systems are controlled by multiple computers and are connected to each other. When the person gives the start signal, the car will be started and travel to the destination.
Intelligent ITS is a combination of advanced information processing technology, computer technology, data communication technology, sensor technology, electronic control technology, global satellite positioning technology and automatic control theory, operations research, artificial intelligence and other high-tech and theory. , service control and automotive intelligence. Through the real-time collection, transmission and processing of various traffic information, the transportation is coordinated by various advanced technologies and equipment, so that the road becomes "smart" and the vehicle has a certain "mind" to make people Cars and roads work closely together to achieve harmony and unity. Smart cars can travel freely on the road; intelligent roads can make the traffic flow optimal; the combination of the two can make the driver know the surrounding environment, so that traffic managers can clearly understand the traffic conditions and the whereabouts of all vehicles; Communicate with each other to reduce traffic congestion. ITS is an open and complex mega system. Currently, countries around the world are competing to carry out ITS research and have developed the ITS cross-century research plan. In the research of ITS, the focus of each country is different. The difficulty and key technologies are the navigation and autopilot of vehicles. At present, some developed countries have invested heavily in development and research in this area, and have made major breakthroughs in some areas.
Japan has made great achievements in developing a new generation of fast, safe and environmentally friendly intelligent transportation systems. They have developed a system that includes traffic information, traffic safety warnings, driving self-control and automatic driving, and road management. It represents the highest level of automotive smart technology in the world. The unit stores a comprehensive digital national road map on a CD-ROM located in the trunk of the car, which contains the connection points of each road and the location of the monuments. The driver can enter his or her destination before driving, and follow the direction arrow displayed on the small screen inside the car. Even if the driver does not know the road to the destination, its magnetic sensor can automatically measure the driving direction, and measure the precise distance of the driving according to the speed of the vehicle, calculate the exact position of the vehicle, and in the traffic map on the screen display. Moreover, it can receive information such as road congestion, traffic accidents, road repairs, etc., comprehensive analysis and processing, and calculate the best driving route to the destination.
With the development of electronic technology, many intelligent technologies are widely used in automobiles. According to rough statistics, there are dozens of smart technologies for car safety alone, and intelligent rear-view technology emerges one after another. For example, Gentex is studying the use of a digitally assisted rearview mirror system to enhance the driver's vision. This system not only reflects the scenes that can be seen, but also uses several sensors to capture and display inconspicuous visual information. The sensor can change the contrast of the light between objects, so that objects that are not easily visible in the dark can be seen and found. A dangerous obstacle in a place where the headlights are unclear or the sun is dazzling.
The first problem solved by car collision avoidance technology is the safety distance between cars. If the safety distance between the car and the car exceeds this, it should be able to automatically alarm and take braking measures. At present, methods for determining the safety distance between automobiles include ultrasonic ranging, microwave radar ranging, and laser ranging.
The car intelligence "black box" can objectively record the operation process of the driver before the car accident in the motor vehicle, effectively providing the driver with various reactions before the accident. It is said that after the installation of such a system, the traffic accident handling department can monitor all the cars passing through the various roads in real time. In the event of a car accident, the nearest traffic accident handling center can be within a few seconds. Get information such as the speed of the crash and the casualties of passengers in the car. Because this technology works like a black box on an airplane, it is also called a "black box." The black box is about the size of a regular cigarette case, and the components include a cellular phone that can store, collect, and transmit data, with an external fuse. After the car accident, the black box will automatically open, using the sensor to record the speed of the car and the location of the car in the event of a car accident, and then pass this information to the central communication system. The black box is embedded with a global positioning system that has data processing and transmission capabilities.
The car intelligent driving system is equivalent to a robot and can replace a person driving a car. It mainly scans and monitors certain areas of the front, rear, left and right of the car through the infrared camera system installed on the front and rear bumpers and on both sides, and analyzes the signals transmitted from the infrared camera through the computer, electronic map and photochemical sensor. Calculate and issue instructions based on traffic information from the road traffic information system, instead of the human brain command execution system to operate the car.
Various systems or devices made by the radar ranging principle are widely used in automobiles, which can accurately measure the distance between the wave source and the obstacle and display it in digital form in the visible range of the driver. On the meter or issue an alarm or both. The use of infrared light can improve the visibility of the car at night. DaimlerChrysler uses two laser infrared beams with the same illumination as the high beam to illuminate the scene in front of the car, and then an infrared camera placed on the top of the car captures what the driver can't see (pedestrians, Cyclists, etc.). The captured image is transmitted to a TV-like screen between the windshield in front of the driver's seat and the dashboard. In this way, the driver is wearing an infrared telescope, and the scene in front of the car is clearly distinguishable.
The reversing electronic screen system is equipped with a camera on the trunk lid or the rear bumper, and transmits the captured image to the electronic screen in front of the driver's seat. The driver can know the situation behind the vehicle by simply looking at the electronic screen in front of the driver. This technology has been applied and solved the problems of reverse and night vision. At the Detroit International Auto Show, GM's Precept concept car was fitted with a camera-based rearview mirror system from Donnelly. The system uses an interior rear view mirror and two exterior rearview mirrors to capture the scene around the car. The three scenes are combined to display a panoramic image on the center console's screen, and textual instructions are used to convey the message. The camera can also be used when reversing. When there are obstacles such as fire hydrants near the rear of the car, let the driver know in time.
6. The five major trends in the development of modern automobiles are unlimited
Automotive electronics, multimedia and networking are enabling cars to have multiple functions such as transportation, entertainment, office and communication. Experts in the industry pointed out that the application of electronic technology in automobiles has become an important means for automotive design and research departments to consider the innovation of automobile structure. Domestic related manufacturers should grasp the rapid development opportunities of the automobile industry in a timely manner and create rich and high value-added rates of automotive electronic products. profit. According to reports, automotive electronics are divided into two categories according to their functions: automotive electronic devices and automotive electronic control systems. The former includes satellite navigation global positioning system, on-board computer--car personal computer, multimedia receiving system and car phone, etc., which can be used independently in the automotive environment; the latter is an "electromechanical combination" of automotive electronic devices, such as anti-lock brake Control systems, airbags, etc., work directly or indirectly affect the performance of the car or engine.
The global automotive market has developed rapidly in recent years, and the electronic value of automobiles has rapidly increased. In 2001, the global automotive electronics industry had a total market capitalization of $11.1 billion, and is expected to reach $16.1 billion in 2006 and $18.6 billion in 2009. In foreign countries, electronic systems can account for 70% of the total cost of a premium sedan, 30% of regular cars; some luxury cars are equipped with up to 48 microprocessors. The huge economic scale effect of China's automotive electronics industry has also begun to appear. It is estimated that in 2005, China's automotive electronics and electronic technology-related products will account for an average of 30% of the total vehicle cost, and the automotive electronics industry will grow from the current 10% growth rate to 20%. According to the National Bureau of Statistics, in 2002, the sales revenue of enterprises above designated size in China's automobile industry was 562.5 billion yuan. According to the average annual growth rate of 20%, the sales volume of China's auto market will reach 1 trillion yuan in 2005. Based on the value of 25% to 30% of electronic products, the market size of automotive electronics products will exceed 250 billion yuan.
Faced with the huge potential of the domestic automotive electronics market, foreign automotive electronics suppliers have moved to China to establish large-scale domestic joint ventures to seize market opportunities. According to the statistics of China Electronics Information Development Institute, in recent years, there are more than 1,000 auto electronics companies or auto electronics companies in China, mainly from the automotive, electronics, aerospace, aviation, weapons, communications and high-tech industries. Most of these companies have been newly established in recent years, of which about 70% are joint ventures. There are many world-famous automotive electronics companies among the partners. Motorola, which is a leader in the global automotive electronics market, has made automotive electronics a new business growth point in China, and it is expected that this business will achieve more than double the growth rate this year.
With the continuous development of the automotive industry and the electronics industry, in modern automobiles, the application of electronic technology is more and more extensive, and the degree of electronic electronics is becoming higher and higher. Automotive electronics is the result of a combination of automotive technology and electronic technology. It can be said that today's cars have entered the era of electronic control, and all of this depends on the development of electronic technology. In short, the dependence of automobiles on electronic technology is growing, and electronic technology is the future of automobiles.
1. Automotive electronics is a revolution in the development of automotive technology
In recent years, electronic technology has developed greatly and has penetrated into all aspects of human society. It can be said that revolutionary changes have taken place in people's way of life, and there will be more changes in the future. Cars are no exception. A few years ago, some traditional mechanical structures were transformed into mechatronic devices with excellent performance and high technology. There are many kinds of electronic products appearing in modern cars. The application of electronic technology (see Figure 1) is more and more extensive. Today's cars have entered the era of computer control.
The development of electronic technology and computer technology has created favorable conditions for the improvement of the performance of automobile technology, the improvement of economy and comfort, and even the reduction of automobile exhaust pollution. The degree of automotive electronics is seen as an important indicator of the level of modern cars, and is the most important technical measure to develop new models and improve vehicle performance. According to statistics, at present, the average electronic device per vehicle accounts for more than 23% of the total automobile manufacturing cost. The number of single-chip microcomputers used in some luxury cars has reached 48, and electronic products account for more than 50% of the cost of complete vehicles. At present, the application of electronic technology has almost penetrated into all systems of automobiles. It is increasingly recognized that, away from electronic technology, it is difficult for automobiles to meet increasingly stringent regulatory requirements, nor to adapt to customer convenience, comfort, efficiency, and economics.
The advancement of the automotive industry is also driven by electronic technology (especially computers and integrated circuit technology). Automotive electronics has entered its third phase of development, which is the most valuable and contributing stage to the development of the automotive industry, and will be the most important stage in optimizing the overall relationship between the human-automobile-environment. The miniaturization of ultra-miniature magnets, ultra-efficient motors and integrated circuits provides the basis for centralized control of automobiles (eg centralized control of braking, steering and suspension, and centralized control of the engine and transmission). At the same time, intelligent integrated sensors and intelligent actuators will be put into practical use, and digital signal processing methods will be applied to voice recognition, safety collision, timely diagnosis and navigation systems. Looking at the major achievements in automotive technology in recent decades, almost without exception is the result of the application of electronic technology. The use of electronic technology is the best solution to solve many of the technical problems faced by automobiles. Therefore, the level of a country's electronics industry and its application in the automotive industry determines whether it can take the initiative in the future world auto industry competition.
Future automotive electronics development, hybrid drive driven by power electronics modules will become a major trend; hydrogen fuel cell hybrid vehicles will have new developments; electronically controlled EFI composite spark ignition engines will develop at a high speed; various line control systems or line drive systems It will develop rapidly; the line control or drive system will replace the mechanical linkage mechanism to realize the electronicization based on electronic information technology, the chassis structure will undergo revolutionary changes; the intelligent vehicle transportation system (ITS) is rapidly emerging. Electronic fuel injection systems, anti-lock braking systems and airbag systems have become more widely used in car products, fuel economy has been greatly improved, and harmful gases and carbon dioxide emissions have been controlled and significantly reduced. At the same time, the degree of electronic electronics has increased year by year, making cars into the category of high-tech products, and is seen as an important indicator of the level of a country's automotive industry.
2. Informatization makes Hyundai Motor a mobile information center
The information and communication revolution has entered many areas of our society, and car and road transport are no exception. Some people say that in the past, cars were driven by gasoline, and in the future they depend on information. In other words, cars without information can't run safely and efficiently. Due to the advent of the information age, people's dependence on information is also growing. Hyundai has become a mobile information center. In the car, like in the office or at home, it can keep in touch with the outside world through telephone, fax, e-mail, digital broadcasting, TV transmission, etc., to improve people's efficiency and productivity. It is very important. Therefore, whether it is external contact or internal (inter-vehicle systems, components), the connection is inseparable from electronic technology.
Today, the Internet is becoming more and more popular, and this new type of communication technology is naturally going to enter the automotive field. As early as 1998, Clarion cooperated with Microsoft to develop the world's first in-vehicle computer system, "Clarion PC", using the Windows operating system, using car audio, computer technology, navigation technology and automatic voice. The identification technology brings the car into an information network space that combines audio, video and communication. At the same time, General Motors also implemented its "Onstar" car communication system. Through the system's display screen, passengers can complete calls, Internet communication, satellite navigation and entertainment programs. .
Modern automotive information technology includes GPS (Global Positioning Navigation System) and Internet applications. GPS technology uses the relative position between the satellite and the user to determine the user's location through data processing. It can monitor and guide the car operation, but the service items are limited. With today's Internet technology, you can expand the services of many projects. The latest technology for transplanting mobile phones with wireless Internet access, and the on-board computer with large-capacity storage and reading and writing functions can gradually realize the automotive application Internet. Through the Internet, the owner can not only directly access the website set by the manufacturer to check the information of his car. Once the car has a fault, the information can be sent to the repair center through the on-board computer. The repair center can download the information to understand the location and cause of the fault. The maintenance engineer can remotely operate the vehicle self-checking system or guide the owner of the vehicle through the Internet. With the application of Internet technology in the car, the owner can always know the instantaneous stock market, and can send and receive e-mails or faxes at any time, so that the owner is in the same way as in the office. All the current technologies mentioned here can be solved. The key issues are the speed of wireless Internet access and the hardware quality of the onboard computer. The speed of wireless Internet access will depend on third-generation wireless telephone communication technologies, such as the advancement of 3G technology, and the on-board computer depends on the hardware used in the operation of the car.
In fact, modern information technology is becoming the driving force of Bluetooth technology in the automotive industry. In recent years, the Federal Communications Commission (FCC)'s allocation of the 5.850 to 5.925 GHz band of DSRC (Narrowband Communication) has promoted the development of Wi-Fi. However, it may take time to use 802.11 hardware in the car's production process, but Bluetooth-enabled devices may soon be available in several models in the US, Japan, and Europe. According to experts, about 20% of new cars will be embedded in Bluetooth hardware before 2007, and about 12% of cars will be embedded in 802.11 hardware. Authorities in the industry believe that the move of the international auto industry shows that the world auto market has changed its strategy to include information services as an important guideline for the development of automotive technology and as an effective means of opening up the market.
3. The future car will be a mobile multimedia
Listening to music in a car helps to reduce the fatigue during driving, making the driver and the occupant feel relaxed and happy. It has become a recognized fact that audio has become one of the standards for the measurement of modern cars. Therefore, car audio technology has become a concern of car consumers and enthusiasts. The sound quality of car audio has been developed towards digital technology. Advanced car audio with DAT digital audio, DSP (digital signal processor), MP3 technology, etc., formed a digital, logical, high-power Hi-Fi stereo system. Although the audio equipment is only an auxiliary device for the car, it has no effect on the running performance of the car. However, as people's demands for enjoyment are getting higher and higher, car manufacturers are paying more and more attention to the audio equipment of cars, and use it as one of the basis for evaluating the comfort of cars. Along with the rapid development of the world's automotive electronics industry, the demand for car audio is also increasing. Car audio has evolved from the earliest AM AM radio to AM/FM (Amplitude Modulation/Frequency Modulation)/SW (Short Wave) radio, tape playback, CD playback, MD playback, DTA digital audio, DSP (digital signal processor) ), electronic crossover, TV receiving system, VCD video system and other functions, forming a digital, logical, high-fidelity, multi-function, high-power output stereo system.
The use of mobile multimedia technology can develop automotive entertainment systems, such as full-color screens, gaming devices, DVD players, video recorders, DVD players and phonographs. Mobile multimedia technology is also reflected in smart wireless products, telecommunications equipment and information processing products, including the provision of a voice recognition system that supports multiple languages, so that drivers do not have to manually operate the entertainment system, thus freeing up the hands to control the steering wheel. It also integrates the functions of the Internet into the vehicle, enabling people to view, send and receive emails, and trade stocks on the Internet. The “plug and play†approach allows car consumers to update them quickly and easily. Multimedia products, enjoy a richer new service. The equipment for digital audio-visual entertainment media has actually become universal, and the karaoke and VCD audio-visual functions on the car belong to this design. It is even possible to create a DVD theater with good sound, sound, sound and light effects. At present, some companies have introduced LCD monitors, TV tuners, car video recorders, and car VCD/DVD players into the car. This is not just about enjoying music. People are watching TV, video, and CD on the basis of listening to music. The possibility of waiting for video images. In recent years, the latest technology has been used to integrate sound, image, information and communication to form a new automotive multimedia system. In fact, it has greatly surpassed the function of car audio. This is the trend of car audio development in the near future.
With the increasing development of the Internet, satellite communications and wireless technologies, humanity will usher in an era of free exchange of text, sound and image data in the car and outside. Some car manufacturers have begun to provide car communication services, mainly to guide and help in the event of a car failure or an accident. It is estimated that commercial and entertainment services in the car will also become popular soon after two or three years. In fact, the competition for car as a “mobile multimedia house†has become increasingly fierce. Today, the mainstream of car audio has been replaced by digital signal sources represented by CD and MD, and the sales volume of tape drives has been decreasing. In the future, the development trend of car audio will be to use high-tech means to enable occupants to work and play in the car, and to give drivers a hint of route conditions, vehicle conditions and safety. At the same time, a car audio system with a comprehensive set of functions such as radio, CD, VCD, TV, navigation, communication, fax, computer, etc., will become the development direction of car audio.
4. Networking makes the car a place for office, communication and entertainment
The product that combines traditional automotive technology with modern information technology is the network car, which is characterized by a high degree of integration between the car and the network. The high application of the network in the car can not only greatly reduce the driver's operational burden, but also keep the driver in close contact with the outside world. Internet car is not only a means of transportation, but also a place for office, communication and entertainment. It integrates existing hardware and software technologies, including satellite global positioning (GPS), wireless communications, network access, speech recognition, flat display, night vision technology, artificial neural networks and other technologies. The main new features include remote diagnostics and vehicle control, mobile office functions, car website features, and road navigation. According to these functions, the system structure of the network car is actually composed of two parts, one part is the internal network system of the vehicle itself, which is controlled by the vehicle network computer. Through the data bus to connect countless subnets, control engine and other assemblies, flat display and dashboard display, central control door lock, wireless phone, etc., each subnet has different clock speeds and their respective functions. The other part is the contact network system outside the vehicle, including GPS monitoring center, Internet and regional network service providers, vehicle service centers, units or home computers.
According to the above concept of the network car, the main device of the network concept car has an electronic map navigation system. It uses a GPS receiver and a DVD-ROM machine to put a disc containing the traffic road data of the whole country or a certain urban and rural area into the box. According to the instructions of the GPS control center, the network car can know where it is on the map and driving. Direction and know the best route to your destination. There is a car front and rear photography system, which displays the position of the driving blind angle through the center console flat display. At night, the infrared lens can be used to convert the heat emitted by all the stationary and moving objects in front of the car into images, which can be used during night driving. Obstructions on the road surface are detected from a distance. Broadband network wireless connection system, using the recently launched GPRS system (transmission speed of 100kbit/s) or a faster CDMA system (transmission speed of up to 256kb; t/5), enabling wireless broadband network connectivity At that time, each owner and passenger can set up their own network address, browse the Internet or listen to voice e-mails at any time, hold telecommuting meetings, download auto repair information, and even remotely control home appliances. Today, the Internet is becoming more and more popular, and this new type of communication technology is naturally going to enter the automotive field.
Car navigation is a kind of car driving aid equipment that has emerged in recent years. When a driver inputs a destination into a car navigation system, the system automatically calculates the most suitable route according to the electronic map, and reminds the car during driving (for example, before turning) The driver follows the calculated route. Throughout the journey, the driver can quickly reach the destination without having to consider which route to take. The current car navigation system consists of two parts: the global positioning system and the vehicle automatic navigation system. Car navigation devices are generally composed of a GPS antenna, a host computer that integrates a display screen and function buttons, and a voice output device (generally using a car audio system to output voice prompt information). Limited by the installation position in the car, the general car navigation device and the car video audio are combined to play CD, VCD and DVD discs. The DVD drive is responsible for reading the electronic map DVD disc. Therefore, some car navigation systems are also called DVD navigation system.
The most important part of the car revolution is the connection between the car and the Internet. No one can predict what the final result will look like. Maybe in the back seat of the car, let the children take it as an infotainment center? Or is it in the place where the parents are sitting, while looking at the road ahead, while reading the e-mail aloud? Maybe both!
5.Intelligence makes people, cars and roads work closely together to achieve harmonious unity
With the widespread use of electronic computers, the days when cars can travel automatically without human driving have arrived. This kind of car is a smart car. Its key technology is that the computer replaces all human operations because it is accompanied by a road recognition system, a signal receiving system, an automatic braking system and an automatic transmission system. All systems are controlled by multiple computers and are connected to each other. When the person gives the start signal, the car will be started and travel to the destination.
Intelligent ITS is a combination of advanced information processing technology, computer technology, data communication technology, sensor technology, electronic control technology, global satellite positioning technology and automatic control theory, operations research, artificial intelligence and other high-tech and theory. , service control and automotive intelligence. Through the real-time collection, transmission and processing of various traffic information, the transportation is coordinated by various advanced technologies and equipment, so that the road becomes "smart" and the vehicle has a certain "mind" to make people Cars and roads work closely together to achieve harmony and unity. Smart cars can travel freely on the road; intelligent roads can make the traffic flow optimal; the combination of the two can make the driver know the surrounding environment, so that traffic managers can clearly understand the traffic conditions and the whereabouts of all vehicles; Communicate with each other to reduce traffic congestion. ITS is an open and complex mega system. Currently, countries around the world are competing to carry out ITS research and have developed the ITS cross-century research plan. In the research of ITS, the focus of each country is different. The difficulty and key technologies are the navigation and autopilot of vehicles. At present, some developed countries have invested heavily in development and research in this area, and have made major breakthroughs in some areas.
Japan has made great achievements in developing a new generation of fast, safe and environmentally friendly intelligent transportation systems. They have developed a system that includes traffic information, traffic safety warnings, driving self-control and automatic driving, and road management. It represents the highest level of automotive smart technology in the world. The unit stores a comprehensive digital national road map on a CD-ROM located in the trunk of the car, which contains the connection points of each road and the location of the monuments. The driver can enter his or her destination before driving, and follow the direction arrow displayed on the small screen inside the car. Even if the driver does not know the road to the destination, its magnetic sensor can automatically measure the driving direction, and measure the precise distance of the driving according to the speed of the vehicle, calculate the exact position of the vehicle, and in the traffic map on the screen display. Moreover, it can receive information such as road congestion, traffic accidents, road repairs, etc., comprehensive analysis and processing, and calculate the best driving route to the destination.
With the development of electronic technology, many intelligent technologies are widely used in automobiles. According to rough statistics, there are dozens of smart technologies for car safety alone, and intelligent rear-view technology emerges one after another. For example, Gentex is studying the use of a digitally assisted rearview mirror system to enhance the driver's vision. This system not only reflects the scenes that can be seen, but also uses several sensors to capture and display inconspicuous visual information. The sensor can change the contrast of the light between objects, so that objects that are not easily visible in the dark can be seen and found. A dangerous obstacle in a place where the headlights are unclear or the sun is dazzling.
The first problem solved by car collision avoidance technology is the safety distance between cars. If the safety distance between the car and the car exceeds this, it should be able to automatically alarm and take braking measures. At present, methods for determining the safety distance between automobiles include ultrasonic ranging, microwave radar ranging, and laser ranging.
The car intelligence "black box" can objectively record the operation process of the driver before the car accident in the motor vehicle, effectively providing the driver with various reactions before the accident. It is said that after the installation of such a system, the traffic accident handling department can monitor all the cars passing through the various roads in real time. In the event of a car accident, the nearest traffic accident handling center can be within a few seconds. Get information such as the speed of the crash and the casualties of passengers in the car. Because this technology works like a black box on an airplane, it is also called a "black box." The black box is about the size of a regular cigarette case, and the components include a cellular phone that can store, collect, and transmit data, with an external fuse. After the car accident, the black box will automatically open, using the sensor to record the speed of the car and the location of the car in the event of a car accident, and then pass this information to the central communication system. The black box is embedded with a global positioning system that has data processing and transmission capabilities.
The car intelligent driving system is equivalent to a robot and can replace a person driving a car. It mainly scans and monitors certain areas of the front, rear, left and right of the car through the infrared camera system installed on the front and rear bumpers and on both sides, and analyzes the signals transmitted from the infrared camera through the computer, electronic map and photochemical sensor. Calculate and issue instructions based on traffic information from the road traffic information system, instead of the human brain command execution system to operate the car.
Various systems or devices made by the radar ranging principle are widely used in automobiles, which can accurately measure the distance between the wave source and the obstacle and display it in digital form in the visible range of the driver. On the meter or issue an alarm or both. The use of infrared light can improve the visibility of the car at night. DaimlerChrysler uses two laser infrared beams with the same illumination as the high beam to illuminate the scene in front of the car, and then an infrared camera placed on the top of the car captures what the driver can't see (pedestrians, Cyclists, etc.). The captured image is transmitted to a TV-like screen between the windshield in front of the driver's seat and the dashboard. In this way, the driver is wearing an infrared telescope, and the scene in front of the car is clearly distinguishable.
The reversing electronic screen system is equipped with a camera on the trunk lid or the rear bumper, and transmits the captured image to the electronic screen in front of the driver's seat. The driver can know the situation behind the vehicle by simply looking at the electronic screen in front of the driver. This technology has been applied and solved the problems of reverse and night vision. At the Detroit International Auto Show, GM's Precept concept car was fitted with a camera-based rearview mirror system from Donnelly. The system uses an interior rear view mirror and two exterior rearview mirrors to capture the scene around the car. The three scenes are combined to display a panoramic image on the center console's screen, and textual instructions are used to convey the message. The camera can also be used when reversing. When there are obstacles such as fire hydrants near the rear of the car, let the driver know in time.
6. The five major trends in the development of modern automobiles are unlimited
Automotive electronics, multimedia and networking are enabling cars to have multiple functions such as transportation, entertainment, office and communication. Experts in the industry pointed out that the application of electronic technology in automobiles has become an important means for automotive design and research departments to consider the innovation of automobile structure. Domestic related manufacturers should grasp the rapid development opportunities of the automobile industry in a timely manner and create rich and high value-added rates of automotive electronic products. profit. According to reports, automotive electronics are divided into two categories according to their functions: automotive electronic devices and automotive electronic control systems. The former includes satellite navigation global positioning system, on-board computer--car personal computer, multimedia receiving system and car phone, etc., which can be used independently in the automotive environment; the latter is an "electromechanical combination" of automotive electronic devices, such as anti-lock brake Control systems, airbags, etc., work directly or indirectly affect the performance of the car or engine.
The global automotive market has developed rapidly in recent years, and the electronic value of automobiles has rapidly increased. In 2001, the global automotive electronics industry had a total market capitalization of $11.1 billion, and is expected to reach $16.1 billion in 2006 and $18.6 billion in 2009. In foreign countries, electronic systems can account for 70% of the total cost of a premium sedan, 30% of regular cars; some luxury cars are equipped with up to 48 microprocessors. The huge economic scale effect of China's automotive electronics industry has also begun to appear. It is estimated that in 2005, China's automotive electronics and electronic technology-related products will account for an average of 30% of the total vehicle cost, and the automotive electronics industry will grow from the current 10% growth rate to 20%. According to the National Bureau of Statistics, in 2002, the sales revenue of enterprises above designated size in China's automobile industry was 562.5 billion yuan. According to the average annual growth rate of 20%, the sales volume of China's auto market will reach 1 trillion yuan in 2005. Based on the value of 25% to 30% of electronic products, the market size of automotive electronics products will exceed 250 billion yuan.
Faced with the huge potential of the domestic automotive electronics market, foreign automotive electronics suppliers have moved to China to establish large-scale domestic joint ventures to seize market opportunities. According to the statistics of China Electronics Information Development Institute, in recent years, there are more than 1,000 auto electronics companies or auto electronics companies in China, mainly from the automotive, electronics, aerospace, aviation, weapons, communications and high-tech industries. Most of these companies have been newly established in recent years, of which about 70% are joint ventures. There are many world-famous automotive electronics companies among the partners. Motorola, which is a leader in the global automotive electronics market, has made automotive electronics a new business growth point in China, and it is expected that this business will achieve more than double the growth rate this year.
With the continuous development of the automotive industry and the electronics industry, in modern automobiles, the application of electronic technology is more and more extensive, and the degree of electronic electronics is becoming higher and higher. Automotive electronics is the result of a combination of automotive technology and electronic technology. It can be said that today's cars have entered the era of electronic control, and all of this depends on the development of electronic technology. In short, the dependence of automobiles on electronic technology is growing, and electronic technology is the future of automobiles.
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