Shanghai Xinfan Bio: Unveiling a mysterious veil of specialized brain cells

Researchers at the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine have confirmed that a specialized brain cell promotes the survival of stem cell progeny by inhibiting the activity of stem cells. Since the changes in the activity of these newborn neurons are associated with neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease, mental illness and aging, understanding how they "determine" is a matter of life and death and the mechanisms by which they operate have special scientific value. Researchers at the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine said: "We have identified an important mechanism for maintaining the vitality of new neurons. This will not only help us understand the underlying causes of some diseases, but may also move toward overcoming treatment cell transplant disorders. An important step." Last year, the team first reported that brain cells, called parvalbumin-expressing interneuron, were released by releasing GABA chemical signals, indicating that adjacent stem cells no longer undergo cell division. In the new study, the researchers wanted to figure out how GABA from peripheral neurons affects the new neurons produced by stem cells. Many newborn neurons die naturally shortly after "birth"; if they survive, new cells migrate to the permanent home of the brain, establishing a synaptic connection with other cells. To understand whether GABA is an important factor in the survival and behavior of newborn neurons, the team used a fluorescent protein to label newborn neurons in the mouse brain, and then observed their response to GABA. "We didn't expect these immature neurons to form synapses, so we saw that they established synapses with neighboring interneurons, and we were surprised that GABA arrived at them in this way," the researchers said. In an earlier study, the team found that GABA reached the oligostem stem cells across a cell-to-cell gap through a less direct line. To confirm this finding, the team engineered interneurons so that they could be stimulated or suppressed by light. The researchers found that these cells did activate adjacent newborn neurons when stimulated. Next, they performed a light stimulation test in living mice and found that when these specialized interneurons were stimulated to release more GABA, a larger number of newborn neurons survived. This is in contrast to the resting state when stem cells detect GABA. The researchers said: "This seems to be a very effective system for regulating the brain's response to the environment. You need more newborn neurons when your brain activity is high, and you don't need it when you don't need high activity. Newborn neurons, but you need to prepare yourself by maintaining the vitality of stem cells. All of this is regulated by the same signal." The researchers point out that other researchers have found that small albumin-positive interneurons such as Alzheim Malfunctions such as neurodegenerative diseases such as Mercury and schizophrenia are malfunctioning. "Now we want to understand the role of these interneurons in the next steps of newborn neurons: migration to the right place and integration into existing neural circuits. This may be the key to their role in disease. The team is also interested in using this GABA mechanism to help maintain the vitality of transplanted cells without affecting the side effects of other cellular processes."

Elisa

Kit

, elisa kit,

Shanghai

Elisa

Experimental survey

, SOD

Kit

, IgG

Kit

, IgM

Kit

, WB

Experimental generation

,

Immunohistochemistry experiment

,

Free test

,GIBCO,AMRESCO-

Shanghai Xinfan Biological