With the continuous consumption of the earth's energy and the lack of resources, the harm of the greenhouse effect to human beings, the serious pollution of the atmosphere by the atmosphere, and the international demand for energy conservation and consumption reduction are getting higher and higher. Today's energy conservation ranks first, and road lighting accounts for about 30% of the total electricity consumption of lighting, which is closely related to people's production and life. Urban rural roads will be more and more open, wider and wider, and need a large number of various energy-saving lamps to match. With the acceleration of urbanization in China, green, high-efficiency, energy-saving, long-life LED street lights have gradually entered people's field of vision. At present, LED lighting technology is becoming more and more mature, and the efficacy of high-power LED light source has reached 80lm/W, and energy-saving renovation of urban street lighting has become possible.
In response to the business opportunities of the entire sunrise industry, in order to seize the opportunity, seize more markets, and create more benefits, many lighting companies are rushing to develop various road lamps to meet the needs of users, and even some that do not produce lighting products. Enterprises have also launched, but due to the differences in the level of perception of lighting knowledge, the current situation of semiconductor lighting products is chaotic, and some enterprise products have also entered a misunderstanding, which has brought a great negative impact to the end customers.
Unlike traditional lighting, LEDs have a point source, high brightness, and narrow beam output. Therefore, designers of new LED luminaires will put forward higher requirements. To do LED streetlights, first consider the use of limited luminous flux to the effective range of illumination. The street light requirement is the road lighting effect, and the open space beyond the road surface is not the way of street lighting. Therefore, the effective distribution of the light is controlled so that the light emitted by the light-emitting tube becomes a long strip of light spreading along the road surface, and at the same time, the glare is also taken into account. At the azimuth of the driver to view the light, the light is at 80°. The light intensity in the 90° height angle direction shall not exceed 30 cd/1000 lm and 10 cd/1000 lm, respectively, and the maximum light intensity in the 90° angular direction shall not exceed 1000 cd regardless of the light flux of the light source. Therefore, if the control angle is not strictly controlled, strong glare will occur, and some high-brightness LED products may even cause certain optical radiation damage to the human body.
Street lighting is a systematic project. To make semiconductor street lamps, we must first understand the standards and requirements of road lighting and the light distribution principle of conventional lighting fixtures. The difference between the spherical light reflector and the point light source is reasonable. Complementing each other, giving full play to the controllable advantages of the beam angle of the LED point source and the long life of the cold source.
Semiconductor LED light sources have their own characteristics in terms of optical structure and optical characteristics. Therefore, semiconductor street lamps should be designed according to these characteristics. Some manufacturers today use traditional lamp housings to replace semiconductor wicks, and heat conduction through transition conduction can not make good lamps. The problem is that the external shape of the lamp body should be combined with the heat dissipation of the light-emitting tube, and the heat dissipation depends on the area. The surface area of ​​the conventional conventional lighting fixture is far from enough. The "Joule heat law" is to have a good natural air convection environment. The operating temperature of LED products should be controlled below 65 °C (the international standard is 80 °C, when the working temperature of LED reaches 85 °C, the luminous flux will drop by half; the wavelength becomes longer, that is, red shift; if it exceeds 90 °C, there is danger of burning) . The installation of the luminous tube, the scientific and rational optical distribution, the sealing of the lamp body are very important. At the same time, the designed lamp body structure is also conducive to mass industrial production.
The heat dissipation of the LED is a problem that the semiconductor lamp should focus on. The light-emitting tube is a cold light source, which does not produce a hot high temperature like a gas discharge lamp. However, the limitation of the luminous efficacy of the LED light-emitting tube today also has its own thermal resistance, so the heat generated by the operation of the light-emitting tube must be effective. Dissipated into the air to ensure that the LED works at a safe temperature, so that the semiconductor lamp can truly reflect the advantages of long life.
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