Welding robots have been widely used in the automotive industry, such as automotive chassis, seat frame, guide rails, mufflers and torque converters, especially in the production of automotive chassis welding.
The use of spot welding robots can improve the quality of the weld and even attempt to replace some arc welding operations. The exercise time in a short distance is also greatly shortened. Domestic automobile manufacturers are mainly producing safety parts with MIG welding technology in the production of rear axles, sub-frames, rocker arms, suspensions, shock absorbers, etc. The main components are stamped and welded, and the average thickness is 1.5. ~4mm, the welding is mainly in the form of lap joints and angle joints. The welding quality requirements are quite high, and the quality of the steel directly affects the safety performance of the car. After the application of the robot welding, the appearance and internal quality of the welded parts are greatly improved, the quality stability is ensured, the labor intensity is reduced, and the working environment is improved.
Welding robots mainly include two parts: robots and welding equipment. The robot consists of a robot body and a control cabinet (hardware and software). For welding equipment, for example, arc welding and spot welding are composed of welding power source (including its control system), wire feeder (arc welding), and welding torch (clamp). For intelligent robots, there should also be sensing systems such as laser or camera sensors and their controls.
Welding robot development trend
At present, the international robotics community is stepping up research and research on robot common technology. From the development trend of robot technology , welding robots, like other industrial robots , continue to develop in the direction of intelligence and diversification. Specifically, it is manifested in the following aspects:
1) Robot manipulator structure: Through the application of modern design methods such as finite element analysis, modal analysis and simulation design, the optimal design of the robot operating mechanism is realized. Explore new high-strength lightweight materials to further increase load/weight ratio. For example, the robot company represented by KUKA of Germany has changed the parallel parallelogram structure of the robot into an open-chain structure, which expands the working range of the robot and the application of lightweight aluminum alloy material, which greatly improves the performance of the robot. In addition, the advanced RV reducer and AC servo motor make the robot operation machine almost a maintenance-free system. The organization is moving towards modularity and reconfigurability. For example, the servo motor, reducer and detection system in the joint module are integrated in three places; the joint module and the connecting rod module are used to construct the robot whole machine in a reorganized manner; and the modular assembly robot products in foreign countries have been asked. The structure of the robot is more dexterous, and the control system is getting smaller and smaller, and the two are developing in the direction of integration. Using parallel mechanism and using robot technology to achieve high-precision measurement and processing, this is the extension of robot technology to CNC technology, laying the foundation for the future integration of robot and CNC technology. Companies such as COMAU in Italy and FANUC in Japan have developed such products.
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