The ease of use, accuracy, and security of biometrics poses more challenging requirements. Nowadays, the development of biometrics technology is getting faster and faster, and the scope of application is getting wider and wider, especially in the aspect of access control has become a trend.
Access control system uses biometrics to be safer
The combination of access control technology and biometric technology, the most well-known one is fingerprint access control. I believe that many people have used this kind of products and can appreciate the convenience and safety brought by the application of biometric technology and the access control system. At the same time, they also feel "hate" that fingerprints cannot be used for punching cards.
Embedding fingerprint technology into the access control system is currently one of the most widely used, cheapest, and extremely easy-to-use biometric authentication technologies, but fingerprints are after all the texture of the skin, and the capacity is affected by external factors. Fingerprints It is also easy to be forged and other shortcomings. In high-security industries, fingerprint products will be restricted. However, with the continuous development of fingerprint modules and the continuous updating of technology, fingerprints will be accepted and used by the market for a period of time.
Face recognition technology is a biometric technology that has attracted much attention from the industry in recent years. Many video surveillance manufacturers write their own facial recognition algorithms into the cameras to enhance the intelligent image and added value of the cameras. In this regard, the same is true for the access control market. In various customs entrances and exits, biometrics and fingerprint identification are commonly used as entry and exit authentication. The difference is that the accuracy and speed of face recognition will vary depending on the manufacturer's algorithm.
According to Gu Chunmei from the Intelligent Building Division of Hikvision (002415, stock bar), the finger vein technology and iris technology that have emerged in recent years will become a new generation of biometric technology. For example, finger vein technology has advantages over other biometric technologies. Firstly, the identification tag will not be lost, stolen, and there is no burden of remembering the password, because the identification tag is an individual's finger; secondly, it directly extracts the living body information inside the human body without being affected by the roughness of the epidermis, age changes, and appearance changes; finally, Finger vein recognition is suitable for a wide range of people, is non-resistible, has high accuracy, cannot be copied, and cannot be forged.
Judging from the current development trend of the access control industry, the application of biometric technology to access control all-in-ones has become more and more mature. The times are advancing, science and technology are developing, and the means of criminals are emerging one after another. Access control integrated machines relying solely on card recognition has become a thing of the past. The addition of biometric technology is undoubtedly a powerful boost to the development of access control integrated machines, and it is also the potential of the current access control market.
Comparison and application of various biometric technologies
The biometric technology samples human biological characteristics, extracts the characteristics and converts them into digital codes, and further composes these codes into characteristic templates. The biometric features that can be used for biometric identification include hand shape, fingerprint, face shape, iris, retina, pulse, auricle, etc., and behavioral features include signature, voice, and keystroke. Based on these characteristics, people have developed a variety of biometric technologies such as hand recognition, fingerprint recognition, facial recognition, pronunciation recognition, iris recognition, and signature recognition.
Fingerprint recognition
Fingerprint recognition is to identify by comparing the minutiae feature points of different fingerprints. Since each person’s fingerprints are different, there are obvious differences between the ten fingers of the same person, so fingerprints can be used for identification.
The advantage of the fingerprint recognition technology of the second-generation ID card application is that the application is more convenient, the application time is long, and the recognition is high, but the fingerprint is a feature that is easy to be stolen and copied, and its security is low compared to other biological features. In addition, the stability of fingerprint features is poor, peeling, epidermal cocoon, and wet and dry conditions will affect the application of fingerprints. During the second-generation ID card collection process, groups such as farmers and workers will encounter a large number of problems that cannot be collected. Because fingerprints can leave traces everywhere, it is more beneficial to public security criminal investigations, but because it is easy to copy, it also brings convenience to anti-criminal investigations.
Face recognition
Face recognition technology is a kind of biometric recognition technology based on the facial feature information of people. Use a camera to capture images or video streams containing human faces, and automatically detect and track human faces in the images, and then perform a series of related technologies on the detected faces, including face image acquisition, face positioning, and human face. Face recognition preprocessing, memory storage, and comparison recognition can achieve the purpose of identifying different people's identities. Face recognition technology is a feature that is convenient to collect, but because the face is three-dimensional, it is greatly affected by light, expression, fat and thin, hair, and movement. At the same time, because it is also a surface feature, it is easy to be forged and copied. The stability and security of identity recognition and criminal investigation are low. If there is a breakthrough in technology, it will be widely used in public safety and other fields.
Iris recognition
The iris technology is a recognition technology that uses the texture characteristics of the iris of the human eye, and the iris recognition is relatively accurate. The iris is a fabric-like ring of various colors in the pupil of the human eye. Each iris contains a unique structure based on features such as lens, filaments, spots, structure, pits, rays, wrinkles and stripes. It is said that there is no Any two irises are the same. Iris recognition is a more accurate one in terms of technical indicators, but in use, it needs to irradiate the eyes with infrared light or visible light to obtain images. The user's degree of cooperation is low, and there is high psychological repulsion, so it is not suitable for ID cards. The large crowd application. In addition, the current cosmetic contact lenses and other products on the market can change the characteristics of the iris and are relatively easy to replicate. The iris recognition technology has been applied in the fields of my country's coal miner attendance, prison inmate management, bank vault access control, border security clearance, military security system, and candidate identity verification.
Finger Vein Recognition
Finger vein recognition technology is a new biometric technology, which uses the vein distribution image in the finger to perform identity recognition. Medical research has found that when the finger is irradiated with near-infrared rays, the hemoglobin flowing in the vein will absorb the near-infrared rays to form an image of the blood vessel. The image of the finger vein can be obtained through the sensor and processed by an algorithm to form a specific finger vein feature template. After medical verification, each person’s finger vein image is different, and the template formed is a unique biological feature that can be used for identity recognition (Figure 2).
Finger vein recognition technology is different from other biometric technologies such as fingerprints, iris, face, etc., in that its biometric carrier vein blood vessel is located inside the finger, unless it is a copy of a living finger, the blood vessel image formed by flowing blood is through ordinary technical means It is difficult to obtain and be copied, and it is non-skin-featured, safe, efficient, and convenient. Among the many biometric technologies today, finger vein technology has the highest security level and technical indicators, and its usage habits are similar to fingerprints. Its wide application and supplementation or replacement of fingerprint technology in most areas will be the trend of future identification.
In summary, the competition between these biometric technologies is mainly reflected in: first, the maturity of the technology; second, the ease of use; third, the promotion ability of biometric product manufacturers; fourth, market application Reactions, such as fingerprints and face recognition, were widely adopted by the judiciary in the early days. It is foreseeable that these technologies will coexist for a long time and will be used together. The long-term coexistence is because even if the markets overlap, they will not completely replace them, and market applications can be continuously subdivided. Different technologies can find their own development space. The more important trend is the current diversified market, such as fingerprints and The combination of human face, the combination of iris and fingerprint, and the simultaneous application of various multiple organisms. The organic combination can greatly enhance the reliability, accuracy and rigorous judgment of the system, can make use of strengths and avoid weaknesses, and further exert the advantages of biometrics.
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