The revolution of the car is an exciting topic. However, after more than one hundred years of development, the car has not really revolutionized in a real sense. People are full of expectations, and hope that cars can continue to surprise users like mobile phones. Among them, new energy vehicles are given high hopes, especially pure electric vehicles, using cleaner energy and different driving experiences, such as Tesla, which is called the revolution in the history of automobiles. However, when I meditate, I will realize it. In fact, Tesla’s excitement is not what I said above. Let's take a look at the related content with the car electronics editor.
How far is the road to automatic driving that changes the way of travel?
The shape of the car has not changed much. The pure electric car is not a new product. As early as the 1860s, the pure electric car has already begun to take shape. Although the cruising range and battery structure are not the same, the driving form is basically the same. . Including today's new energy vehicles, the same as the traditional gasoline vehicles, can not bring a new experience for the driver or passengers. Whether it is Tesla or the emerging new energy brands such as Weilai in the domestic market, they are still facing the market of traditional autos, so the auto revolution is not comparable to the wind.
What is the upcoming car revolution?What really changes the car's attributes and brings about change is automatic driving. Yes, it seems that the autopilot, which is not reliable, is hot, but many people don’t understand why the profit-making business is getting worse and worse. This contains the subversive changes in the way of self-driving for future travel. Who can seize? First, whoever gets the lead, just like the Tesla mentioned before, the exciting thing is that Tesla has a strong acceleration performance, but the real feeling is that Tesla is already available. Actually the road's autopilot technology.
The "fire" of autonomous driving has not really touched the consumer level yet, but within the industry, the trend of violently catching up with the major manufacturers of this new technology is the most intuitive feeling. And the reason why traditional car companies, component suppliers and technology companies are rushing into this field is that if they don’t follow the autopilot, will they become “Nokia†or “Motorola†in the automotive industry, even though they No fault, but passive transformation will undoubtedly be left behind by active companies.
The characteristics of autonomous driving are not only related to the automotive industry itself, but also to a considerable number of surrounding industries, such as the real shared car. Daily commute, not only can carry the owner to the destination, in the process of going to work, the vehicle can also be rented, even picking up friends and family, and the vehicle will greet you at the door of the unit when you get off work, it sounds very good. Temptation?
For new energy car companies, autonomous driving is undoubtedly the best partner. The scalability of electrification equipment is obvious to all, and the fusion is more tacit than traditional fuel. Such as the latest wireless charging technology, if there is a self-driving blessing, the charging no longer requires the driver to personally, the vehicle automatically drives in the past to charge, and automatically restarts the parking space after the completion, which is unmatched by traditional fuel vehicles. Since the trend of replacing traditional energy sources with new energy sources is irreversible, the development track of autonomous driving is also visible and imperative.
What is the current level of autonomous driving?At present, the standard of automatic driving is advocated by SAE InternaTIonal. The level of automatic driving is divided into six, from L0 to -L5, where L0 is manual driving, and as the level is increased, the vehicle will also be driven by auxiliary driving to pure Automated driving transitions eventually reach the L5 stage. The current criteria for the six levels are as follows:
L0-L2 automatic driving: can be defined as assisted driving, such as automatic braking, cruise control and adaptive cruise system, the human driver is responsible for completing the "dynamic driving task". Some features will help the driver, but this level is characterized by assistance only, and most of the driving action still depends on the driver.
The L3 level is the watershed of autonomous driving. It is the level that actually begins to enter the actual automatic driving. This level of automatic driving function can complete the automatic driving when certain conditions are met. For example, the new Super Cruise system developed by General Motors belongs to the category of L3. At this time, when certain conditions are met, the vehicle starts to drive automatically, and the driver only needs to respond to the demand without intervening in driving. However, this level of automatic driving can not complete the intense driving and emergency road conditions, it can not predict the emergency and carry out appropriate operations, then the system will prompt the driver to need to take over.
The L4-L5 level belongs to the category of "highly automated driving". The system relies on high-precision electronic maps for automatic navigation, and such vehicles can be fully automated without the need for driver intervention as long as they are within the map. It can be said that as long as there is a road, this level of automatic driving can be driven, and no driver intervention is required throughout the journey.
Among the currently available models, the highest level models can only automatically monitor road conditions, observe the surrounding environment and make judgments, and achieve basic functions such as automatic acceleration, braking, steering, and parallel. When an emergency situation occurs, the system will still prompt the driver to take over the driving through prompts, vibrations or warning sounds. That is to say, from the side, the driver can still not be taken lightly during the driving process, and it is necessary to observe the road surface at all times to make emergency treatment in the first time.
This kind of automatic driving can only arouse curiosity, and certainly can't let consumers pay the willingly, what stage is the automatic driving development at this stage? The current big environment is that the major auto manufacturers and their technology wages are committed to research and development. The L4-class autopilot system, such as Baidu's latest Apollo 2.0 driverless system, has been tried on the unmanned micro-cycle bus "Apollon" with a level of L4. In the next year or two, Baidu will cooperate with JAC, BAIC and Chery to develop an L3-class self-driving car, which will be officially launched for consumers. However, all of this is currently only an idealized state. It seems that it is not so easy to solve the unpredictable road conditions of the automatic driving system.
For example, the Uber self-driving car crash incident that has recently occurred, although it occurs in night roads with poor lighting, but because of the high-precision technology of "remote lidar", the self-driving car can identify more than 300 yards in all directions. Objects, so compared to human driving, it should be possible to detect pedestrians crossing the road earlier and take corresponding actions such as braking. However, it can be seen from the video at the time that the vehicle did not slow down at this time, and the driver was not very concentrated because of the automatic driving, which caused a tragedy.
How far is true auto driving from us?In the L5 level of automatic driving, the hardware equipment has reached the standard. The rest is the matching of some software, mainly the logic problem. People's thinking is the most uncontrollable. If the cars on the road are added to the electronic control system, unified management and cancellation of artificial driving, the difficulty of automatic driving will be reduced by half. However, because autonomous driving and human driving are mixed, a large number of incomprehensible and even unreasonable driving habits make it difficult to integrate autonomous driving into the current traffic environment.
Whether autopilot can completely replace human beings, the key to solving this problem lies in the handling of intense driving. This link, called the Fallback design, is also called the “risk minimization exit mechanismâ€. It means that in extreme cases, vehicles should choose a risk-reduction solution. At L3 and below, this link is resolved by driver intervention, and in the L4 and L5 phases, the autopilot system operates (steering, accelerating, decelerating, monitoring the environment) and tactics (answering events, changing lanes, turning) And the use of the turn signal, etc.) to solve these two aspects, and without manual takeover, indicating that if these two levels are reached, the intelligence of autonomous driving is already very high.
And the major car companies and technology companies must be closed to their own Fallback design, after all, involving trade secrets, then we might as well imagine that if autopilot is popular, there are still concerns for our occupants.
The first thing that bears the brunt is the responsibility of traffic. No matter how high-tech, it must be wrong. Then, if there is a traffic accident during automatic driving, how should the responsibility be divided? The United States is the first to give the criteria for the determination of autonomous vehicles, and the L0 to L2 class of autonomous vehicles, the responsibility is borne by the driver. The L3 level is based on the specific driving range given by the model, and the L4-L5 is the responsibility of the car manufacturer and the seller.
Since it has been driven automatically, the driving process is completely managed without human intervention, then can I drive an autonomous car without having to obtain a driver's license? According to the conventional inertia thinking, since driving a car, it is necessary to have a driver's license. If the vehicle is in danger, the driver needs to know how to handle it urgently. But what if you only got a driver's license and didn't really go through the road? Is there a lesson in the brakes when you brake? If you can't master the car, how can you ensure that the danger will occur when it happens? If the driver can master the car, then the automatic driving is less meaningful for the home consumer.
Of course, for autonomous driving, concerns abound, after all, our guess is likely to be superfluous before the final product launch. From the emergence of autonomous driving to the current stage of development, although the true sense of autonomous driving technology has not yet reached the public, but as can be seen from the development process, it is coming to us in a "big step".
to sum up:
Finally, I personally want to pour a cold water into the autopilot. In fact, the autopilot can provide us with the convenience. It is only to further optimize the travel plan. For example, the functions like private car sharing or automatic charging mentioned above are all afterward. It is still in the idealization stage. As for travel, there is a means to achieve the same effect as autonomous driving, that is, a taxi.
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