The new generation of radar equipment is designed with a relatively complete in-machine test (BIT) system, which can monitor the real-time functions of the radar's functional modules, detect faults in time, locate faults into the field replaceable unit (LRU), and quickly guide maintenance personnel. Carry out replacement repairs. The perfect radar BIT system significantly improves the maintenance of the radar, so that many faults in the radar can be repaired on site. The application of BIT technology has made the role of relay-level maintenance increasingly weakened, gradually replacing the three-level maintenance system (base level, relay level and base level) with a two-level maintenance system. The so-called two-level maintenance is to send the parts that cannot be repaired in the field directly to the base for repair, without going through the relay level of the combat force repair factory. The work of the field maintenance personnel is to remove the faulty parts and replace them with normal parts.
A large number of active early radars, only a few simple meters to monitor the key components of the transmitter online. During the transition to the two-level maintenance system, these radars without automatic detection function have frequent failures due to long working hours and lost their original technical support capabilities, especially for transmitters operating at high frequency and high voltage. The failure rate is higher and the equipment integrity rate is rapidly reduced.
Using mature MCU technology and data acquisition technology to develop an embedded system, monitor all the key devices in these radar transmitters, and when an equipment is found to have a fault warning, it will issue an alarm and isolate the fault, which can greatly improve the integrity rate.
1 Carding of monitoring points and isolation points in radar transmittersEarly radar transmitters generally used a single-stage oscillating structure, including three units of timer, pulse modulator, and RF generator.
The timer of the single-stage oscillating transmitter generally consists of a simple integrated circuit at the gate level and a quartz crystal oscillator, and then the multi-stage frequency-divided output timing trigger pulse is divided by the frequency dividing circuit, and the trigger pulses of different periods are converted by the working mode. The switch is converted; the RF generator is a magnetron, which is also the origin of the "single-stage oscillation" name; the most complicated circuit is the pulse modulator. According to the task of the pulse modulator, it basically consists of the following three parts: Part, energy storage part, pulse forming part.
The high-voltage power supply in the pulse modulator is rectified by a step-up transformer and a rectified silicon stack; the charging component is an inductor and a diode; the modulation switch is a hydrogen thyristor; the energy storage component is a series of multi-section artificial wires connected in series, and can be controlled by a relay The effective number of series connected to change the width of the RF pulse is controlled by the working mode switching switch; the coupling element is a pulse transformer. There are also other auxiliary circuits, such as reverse shoulder pulse circuit, magnetron filament current measurement circuit. The magnetron filament current measurement indicator meter is a pointer type micro-ampere meter, but there is no sound and light alarm function.
According to the sufficient analysis of the circuits and components in the transmitter, combined with the prior experience of repairing the transmitter, the points that need to be monitored inside the transmitter and their monitoring parameters and quantity are shown in Table 1.
When the parameter of a certain point exceeds the nominal value, the LCD screen of the warning system can display the number of the fault point for the repairer to quickly determine the fault point. At the same time, the fault can be easily isolated and protected. The method of isolation protection is mechanical. Cut off the relevant power or signal path. The form and number of carding isolation points are shown in Table 2.
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