Lian Weiliang, deputy director of the National Development and Reform Commission, said that in addition to the rapid increase in demand for coal, the low temperature of rain and snow has had a certain impact on coal transportation.
Since the winter of 2017, low temperature rain and snow has become a high-frequency meteorological word in most parts of the country. At the same time, the local electricity load continues to climb, and the investment is high. The monitoring data shows that in early January of this year, the province’s electricity coal inventory in Hunan Province was 3.23 million tons, which then fell sharply. According to the consumption at that time, the number of days that can be used is once Less than half a month, the thermal coal stocks of several thermal power companies have fallen to the warning line. Under the influence of a new round of low-temperature rain and snow weather, some thermal power plants still have the risk of coal shortage.
With the peak of power and coal consumption on the peak of winter, the tight supply of coal has been staged throughout the country.
Lian Weiliang, deputy director of the National Development and Reform Commission, said that in addition to the rapid increase in demand for coal, the low temperature of rain and snow has had a certain impact on coal transportation.
The engineers of the China Coal Industry Association Consulting Center also said in an interview: "Affected by factors such as freezing rain and snow and strong power demand, the coal railway capacity in some parts of the country continues to be tight, resulting in the current distribution of coal and coal, and tight supply. ."
In the situation of tight supply of coal, what role should grid companies play in order to ensure reliable supply of electricity everywhere?
For a long time, China's energy allocation has relied too much on coal transportation, and coal power has an absolute proportion in China's power structure. However, due to the imbalance of coal resources, the proportion of transmission in Shanxi, Shaanxi, and Mengxi is low, and the national coal, electricity, and transportation tensions are repeated, and energy supply and demand are difficult to balance. To this end, China has formed a special pattern of West Coal East and North Coal South Transportation, which will be used to transport coal from the “Three West†area and the north to the northern ports and then to the southern power plants.
China's railway and road transportation pressures and tensions have long existed, and coal transportation is undoubtedly the biggest pressure. Some of the coal transported by railways and highways is chemical, iron and other raw materials, which cannot be replaced, but more than half of them are coal.
There are two main ideas for changing the tight supply of coal. The first is to break the traffic bottleneck as soon as possible, speed up the construction of transportation infrastructure, and improve the capacity of coal transportation. The second is to change the way of thinking, change the long distance to transport coal for long-distance transmission, and achieve coal and power transmission simultaneously.
The problem of tight supply of coal is often combined with the influence of climatic factors. In 2008, the snow disaster in southern China and the low temperature and heavy snow this year have led to the obstruction of coal transportation. Electro-hydraulic tensions tend to have strong seasonality. It is not only unrealistic to improve transportation capacity alone, but it is also difficult to solve problems fundamentally.
“The actual situation shows that changing coal to power transmission and letting 'coal from the air' is more and more reasonable and feasible,†said Zhang Chuncheng, a researcher at the Institute of Economics and Energy Supply and Demand of State Grid Energy Research Institute Co., Ltd.
UHV power grid is a comprehensive platform with wide service scope, strong optimization and configuration capability, high safety and reliability, green and low carbon. It has the comprehensive advantages of long distance, large capacity, low loss and less land occupation, which can be safer, more efficient and more The environmentally-friendly allocation of energy is also an important carrier for achieving intensive development of energy resources, promoting energy production and consumption revolution, and achieving green sustainable development. In order to solve the problem of transportation capacity and environmental pollution caused by a large amount of coal transportation, on the basis of analyzing traditional coal transportation methods such as railways and highways, UHV transmission technology is used to replace the traditional ideas of traditional coal transportation, and UHV transmission is used to increase Regional power distribution can minimize the pressure on coal transportation and ensure stable supply of coal.
Lin Boqiang, director of the China Energy Economic Research Center of Xiamen University, said that by replacing coal with power transmission and optimizing the proportion of coal transported by coal, it can effectively reduce the pressure on coal transportation and reduce the “congestion costâ€, thus alleviating the pressure of rising coal prices and greatly alleviating the contradiction between coal and electricity.
“More choices of transmission can make coal more efficient. This is an effective way to meet China's energy needs, optimize the allocation of energy and environmental resources, and improve energy efficiency.†Lin Boqiang believes that whether it is coal or power transmission, energy and environmental resources The optimal configuration must be guaranteed to more effectively meet China's growing energy needs.
Hunan's power supply is limited during the dry season of thermal coal. For Hunan, where energy is tight, Gansu’s energy resources are located in the northwestern part of the country, and sufficient power resources need to find “land of energyâ€. One party needs more than one party. As a result, the transmission from Gansu to Hunan will soon be put into action.
Last year, the first special high-voltage line into the Xiangdu-Jiuquan-Hunan ±800 kV UHV DC transmission line was officially put into operation, and it can send 40 billion kWh of electricity from Gansu directly to Hunan. This is like building a large power plant for Hunan in the northwest of the motherland – the power supply capacity is equivalent to about 6 Changsha power plants at that time. Thanks to this, during this year's coal shortage, there was no power cut in Hunan.
Coal regulation and power conservation, local power limitation... These words have been tied to the heart of Hunan people like steel needles. Nowadays, the UHV comes at an appropriate time. The DC transmission is equivalent to the “through trainâ€. The current starts from the starting point in Gansu Jiuquan and goes straight to the terminal station Xiangtan. UHV enters Hunan and sends 40 billion kWh of electricity to Hunan every year. According to the general calculation standard, coal-fired power plants need to consume about 450 grams of coal per kilowatt-hour of electricity generation. If 40 billion kilowatt-hours of electricity delivered by UHV is converted into thermal power, it can reduce 18 million tons of coal-fired transportation per year. 50,000 tons and 29.6 million tons of carbon dioxide.
The State Grid Corporation of China has completed the construction of 16 “Ultra-Fighting and Eight-Point†UHV projects. The trans-regional trans-provincial transmission capacity exceeds 100 million kilowatts, and nearly 80% is clean electrical energy. In 2017, the total power transmission capacity of UHV in the national grid operating area was equivalent to a reduction of coal consumption of 270 million tons.
Zhang Chuncheng mentioned that, more macroally, from the perspective of social development, the construction of UHV grids is more in line with the overall development trend of society. Today, China's railway facilities have been built in the world. Compared with basic transportation, UHV grid has the advantages of convenience, smarter, more controllable and less loss. On the other hand, the UHV grid has strong environmental protection benefits, can effectively solve the problem of abandoned wind and light, greatly increase the proportion of clean energy, promote new energy consumption, play an important role in the supply-side structural reform, and achieve a green society. sustainable development.
More and more people in the industry recognize that transmission, as an important part of the integrated energy transportation system, should assume more responsibility for optimizing the allocation of energy resources and relieving the pressure of other means of transportation. In the face of the long-standing imbalance in energy transmission, industry experts have said that by vigorously developing UHV power grids and building an integrated energy transportation system that combines coal transportation and transmission, and taking advantage of the power distribution and distribution capacity of cross-regional power grids, it is the solution to the shortage of coal. The best policy of the bureau.
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