The server CPU, as its name suggests, is the CPU (Center Process Unit) used on the server. We know that servers are important devices in the network and they need to receive as few as tens of thousands of people, and as many as tens of thousands of people. Therefore, they have large amounts of data, such as fast throughput, superior stability, and long-term operation. strict requirements. So the CPU is the computer's "brain" and is the primary indicator of server performance.
At present, the CPU of the server is still differentiated according to the CPU's instruction system, and is usually divided into two types: the CISC type CPU and the RISC type CPU. Later, a 64-bit VLIM (Very Long Instruction Word long instruction set architecture) instruction system emerges. CPU.
One, CISC type CPU
CISC is the abbreviation of "Complex Instruction Set Computer" in English. Chinese means "complex instruction set". It refers to Intel's x86 (a naming convention for intel CPU) series of CPUs and its compatible CPUs (other manufacturers such as AMD, VIA). Etc. The production of CPU) is based on the PC (personal computer) architecture. This kind of CPU is generally a 32-bit structure, so we also make it an IA-32 CPU. (IA: Intel Architecture, Intel Architecture). Currently, CISC-type CPUs mainly include intel server CPUs and AMD server CPUs.
(1) Intel's server CPU
(2) AMD's server CPU
Second, RISC type CPU
RISC is an acronym for "Reduced Instruction Set Computing" in English. Chinese means "reduced instruction set." It was developed on the basis of the Complex Instruction Set Computer (CISC) instruction system. Some people tested the CICC machine and showed that the frequency of use of various instructions is quite different. The most frequently used instructions are relatively simple instructions. They only account for 20% of the total number of instructions, but the frequency of occurrence in the program accounted for 80%. The complex instruction system will inevitably increase the complexity of the microprocessor, making the development time of the processor long and the cost high. And complex instructions require complex operations that inevitably slow down the computer. Based on the above reasons, the RISC-type CPU was born in the 1980s. Compared with the CISC-type CPU, the RISC-type CPU not only simplified the instruction system, but also adopted a so-called "superscalar and superpipelined structure", which greatly increased the parallel processing capability. (Parallel processing parallel processing means that a server has multiple CPUs processing at the same time. Parallel processing can greatly improve the server's data processing capabilities. Departmental and enterprise-class servers should support CPU parallel processing technology). In other words, at the same frequency, the architecture of the RISC CPU is much higher than that of the CISC CPU. This is determined by the technical characteristics of the CPU. At present, CPUs of this instruction system are commonly used in middle-to-high end servers, and particularly high-end servers all use CPUs of the RISC instruction system. RISC instruction system is more suitable for high-end server operating system UNIX, and now Linux also belongs to UNIX-like operating system. RISC-type CPUs are not compatible with Intel and AMD CPUs in software and hardware.
Currently, CPUs using RISC instructions in mid- to high-end servers mainly include the following types:
(1) PowerPC processor
(2) SPARC processor
(3) PA-RISC processor
(4) MIPS processor
(5) Alpha processor
From the current state of server development, PC servers with the IA architecture (CISC architecture) featuring “small, smart, stable†have been widely applied due to their reliable performance and low price. In the Internet and LAN areas, it is used for file services, print services, communication services, Web services, e-mail services, database services, application services, and so on.
Finally, it is worth noting that although the CPU is one of the most important factors in determining the performance of a server, the CPU cannot perform its proper performance without the support and cooperation of other accessories.