In the environment where the whole society advocates energy conservation, there are many hybrid vehicles on the market today. There are many gaps between different hybrid systems. There are many ways to classify hybrid systems. So today I will give Everyone knows the relevant knowledge of the hybrid system car, which hybrid is the most cost-effective and fuel-efficient?
1, plug-in hybridRepresentative models: BYD Tang, Roewe eRX5, Borui GE, etc.
Important features: large battery capacity, rechargeable, pure battery life, fuel consumption of 2L / 100km or less (good charging environment).
Plug-in hybrid models (PHEVs) are a form of hybrid vehicles that can achieve relatively long-distance pure electric driving without the limitation of battery power and charging piles, with very low fuel consumption. Hybrid driving. In the context that the charging infrastructure is still not popular and the battery technology of electric vehicles is still not perfect, plug-in hybrid technology is the most practical choice for emission reduction. It is a kind of “short-distance use of electricity and long-distanceâ€. Use oil to transport.
The difference between plug-in hybrid electric vehicles and ordinary hybrid electric vehicles: ordinary hybrid electric vehicles have small battery capacity, supply/recover energy only when starting/stopping, acceleration/deceleration, and cannot be externally charged, and cannot be used in pure electric mode. Long-distance driving; plug-in hybrid car battery is relatively large, can be externally charged, can be driven in pure electric mode, the battery is exhausted and then in hybrid mode (mainly internal combustion engine), and timely charge the battery .
If you talk about the advantages of plug-in hybrid vehicles, I believe everyone knows about new energy subsidies and licenses, and they do not have to pay vehicle purchase tax. The new energy vehicle license plate, especially in some big cities in China, the new energy license plate is not limited, and there is no need to take a card, which is a big advantage in the big cities with limited purchases, which can directly save tens of thousands. It also allows most consumers to realize their dream of buying a car as soon as possible.
However, most of the plug-in hybrid vehicles in China are not long enough in pure electric driving. The pure electric driving mileage of most vehicles on the market is about 50 or 60 kilometers, and in terms of vehicle battery charging, Plug-in hybrid cars cannot be fast-charged, so it takes a long time to fully charge.
2, oil and electricity mixedRepresentative models: Camry Twin Engine, Accord Sharp Mix, Corolla and Ralink Twin Engine, etc.
Important features: battery capacity is small, can not be charged, pure electric life is short, fuel consumption is about 4L/100km.
For oil-electric hybrid models, the first domestic oil-electric hybrid car should be the Toyota Prius, but the car is not sold now, and the fourth-generation products are now sold to the US market. The main purpose of hybrid fuel and electricity is to reduce the gasoline resources that need to be consumed, and it does not need to be charged. If used, the whole is more convenient. Especially in the more congested big cities, this advantage is more obvious. The motor-driven work drives the vehicles forward, which not only protects the environment, reduces vehicle exhaust emissions, but also saves energy and reduces emissions. .
The hybrid electric oil system cannot be charged by an external power supply. It relies entirely on the Atkinson cycle engine to provide energy for the entire system. This is true for both Toyota and Honda. This engine has better fuel than the Alto cycle engine of pure fuel vehicles. Economical. This is because the engine part of the hybrid car can maintain a stable speed and load, and the extra energy required for acceleration is responsible for the motor with higher energy conversion efficiency, so it is suitable for the hybrid car.
If it is said that the hybrid model is not good enough, it may be the national new energy subsidy. In plain language, only the models that need to be externally charged can enjoy the national new energy subsidy, so the hybrid model is If there is no subsidy, the hybrid model will cost tens of thousands more than the same model, so the price is also worth considering.
3. Extended range plug-in hybridRepresentative models: Buick VELITE 5, BMW i3 Extended Edition
Important features: The battery capacity is medium, can be charged, basically all pure electric driving, fuel consumption is about 4L/100km.
The extended-range electric vehicle is an electric vehicle developed on the basis of a pure electric vehicle. The reason why it is called an extended-range electric vehicle is because the vehicle has a range extender. The purpose of adding a range extender to the vehicle is to further enhance the cruising range of the pure electric vehicle so that it can avoid frequent parking charging.
This type of plug-in hybrid, although nominally attributed to plug-in hybrid, is strictly speaking an electric car. Because there is only one set of electric drive system in the car, including motor, control circuit and battery. When the battery is fully charged, the power battery drives the motor to provide the driving power demand of the vehicle, and the engine does not participate in the work. When the battery power is consumed to a certain extent, the engine is started, and the engine supplies energy to the battery to charge the power battery. When the battery is fully charged, the engine stops working again, and the battery is driven by the motor to provide the whole vehicle drive. In other words, this is equivalent to loading a generator on an ordinary electric vehicle.
The extended-range electric car is more pure than the "blood" of the plug-in hybrid car because it is a pure electric car before the additional range extender. The deployment of the range extender does not substantially affect the powertrain structure of the original vehicle. Because the predecessor of the plug-in hybrid vehicle is a hybrid vehicle, it retains a lot of traditional mechanical components, and the structure is more complicated than the extended-range electric vehicle, and the cost is also slightly higher.
4, 48V light mixing systemRepresentative models: Mercedes-Benz S 500 L, Audi A8 55TFSI
Important features: low battery capacity, low motor power, no charging, and slightly lower fuel consumption than the same displacement fuel car.
The 48V light-mixing system is the latest fashion trend. Strictly speaking, this is not a hybrid car. This is a more thorough electrification of the traditional pure-fuel vehicle. After all, even a pure fuel vehicle has a 12V power supply to the vehicle system. Power supply, the core components of the current 48V light hybrid system are mainly 48V starter motor, lithium ion battery pack for storing energy, and voltage controller (DC/DC) for conversion between 48V and 12V voltage.
The core technology of 48V is: Compared with the traditional 12V, due to the increase of battery voltage output, the line loss is reduced, and the voltage increase can also effectively improve the working time of the start-stop motor, air-conditioning compressor, cooling water pump and other systems. The engine does not participate in the work at the maximum in the parking state; secondly, the voltage of 48V can meet the requirement of rapid energy recovery of the lithium battery, and the recovered energy can be used for auxiliary driving, etc., reducing the engine load, thereby achieving the effect of reducing fuel consumption and emissions. .
After upgrading from 12V to 48V, in addition to the automatic start-stop function, it also has engine shutdown, taxi and brake energy recovery, acceleration and electric cruise functions, etc. The upgrade direction is to optimize the driving experience and improve energy efficiency. The accompanying voltage increases and provides more power to the electronics inside the vehicle.
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